グルタミン酸は,thalamic interneuronsのデンドリット出力を局所的に活性化します
1Department of Neurobiology, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794-5230, USA.
Nature
|August 11, 1998
まとめ
タラミック内ニューロンは,皮質への情報流れを制御するためにユニークなデンドリット端末を使用します. これらのデンドライトにおけるメタボトロピクグルタミン酸受容体の活性化は,リレーニューロンを阻害し,独立した計算を示唆する.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 細胞神経科学は細胞神経科学である.
- センサリーシステム センサリーシステム
背景:
- タラムスから皮質への情報リレーは,ダイナミックにゲートされている.
- 横側生殖核 (LGN) の阻害性インターニューロンは,このゲーティングに不可欠です.
- タラミック内ニューロンは,二重のシナプス前とシナプス後の役割を持つユニークなデンドリート構造を有しています.
研究 の 目的:
- LGN 内ニューロンの遠端 dendritic 端末の機能を調査する.
- これらのデンドライトのメタボトロピックグルタミン酸受容体 (mGluRs) がニューロン活動を調節できるかどうかを判断する.
- タラミック内ニューロンの計算能力を探求する.
主な方法:
- LGN内ニューロンからの電気生理学的記録 (体)
- mGluRアゴニストの使用.
- 網膜末端,内ニューロンデンドライト,リレーニューロンデンドライトを含むトライアードシナプス構造の分析.
主要な成果:
- mGluRアゴニストはインターニューロンのデンドリット端末を活性化させ,ポストシナプスリレーニューロンを抑制します.
- アクティベーションは,内部ニューロンのアクションポテンシャルがない場合に発生した.
- ソマティック記録はmGluRアゴニストに対する反応を示せず, dendritic電気的隔離を示しています.
結論:
- LGN内ニューロンのデンドリット端末は,独立してシナプス伝送を計算し,調節することができます.
- タラミック内ニューロンは,軸索対 dendritic出力によって異なる計算的役割を示します.
- この研究は,LGNにおけるトライアード回路の機能についての洞察を提供します.
さらに関連する動画
09:49Combined Optogenetic and Freeze-fracture Replica Immunolabeling to Examine Input-specific Arrangement of Glutamate Receptors in the Mouse Amygdala
Published on: April 15, 2016
08:27Single Synapse Indicators of Glutamate Release and Uptake in Acute Brain Slices from Normal and Huntington Mice
Published on: March 11, 2020
関連する概念動画
01:35Long-term Potentiation
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
01:29Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters
When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of specific...
01:19The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation
A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential.
01:25Long-term Potentiation
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
01:30Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
01:28Integration of Synaptic Events
Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...