コンピューターベースの臨床意思決定支援システムの医師のパフォーマンスと患者の結果への影響: 体系的なレビュー
関連する実験動画
D L Hunt1, R B Haynes, S E Hanna
1Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
JAMA
|October 30, 1998
まとめ
コンピュータベースの臨床意思決定支援システム (CDSS) は,特に薬物投与および予防ケアにおいて,医師のパフォーマンスを改善する見込みを示しています. しかし,患者のアウトカムへの影響については,さらなる調査が必要であり,診断アプリケーションは説得力のない結果を示しています.
科学分野:
- 医療情報工学 医療情報工学
- 臨床的意思決定支援について
- 根拠に基づいた医学は,証拠に基づいた医療です.
背景:
- ソフトウェア・システムによる改善された臨床決定の主張は,厳格な評価を必要とします.
- テクノロジーを含む医療介入の臨床パフォーマンスと患者のアウトカムへの影響を評価することは極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- コンピューターベースの臨床意思決定支援システム (CDSS) に関する臨床試験を体系的に検討する.
- 医者のパフォーマンスと患者のアウトカムに対するCDSSの効果を評価する.
主な方法:
- 1992年から1998年にかけて実施された臨床試験の体系的なレビューを更新し,複数の文献データベースを検索した.
- 対象となった研究は,前向きな評価と同時対照による臨床環境でのCDSS使用に関する研究でした.
- 研究の有効性が評価され,環境,被験者,システム,結果に関するデータが抽象化されました.
主要な成果:
- 68件の対照試験が含まれており,1992年以降に発表された40件の試験が,時間の経過とともに質が向上しています.
- CDSSは,65件の研究のうち66%で,特に薬剤の投与と予防ケアにおいて,医師のパフォーマンスの改善に効果を示した.
- 14件の研究のうち,患者のアウトカムに有益な効果を示したのは6件のみで,その多くは効果を検出するのに十分なパワーを欠いている.
結論:
- CDSSに関する研究の数と質は増加しています.
- CDSSは,薬物投与や予防ケアなどの分野で臨床的パフォーマンスを向上させることができますが,診断には説得力はありません.
- CDSSsが患者のアウトカムに与える影響は,まだ十分に研究されていないため,より堅実な調査が必要である.
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