心不全の患者における阻害性睡眠時無呼吸症と左心室余剰負荷に対する継続的な陽性空気圧の効果
R Tkacova1, F Rankin, F S Fitzgerald
1Sleep Research Laboratories of the Rehabilitation Institute of Toronto and Mount Sinai Hospital and the Department of Medicine of the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Circulation
|November 24, 1998
まとめ
継続的な正気圧 (CPAP) は,睡眠中の阻害性睡眠時無呼吸症の kongestive heart failure 患者の血圧と左心室後負荷を低下させます. この治療は,阻害性睡眠時無呼吸症を緩和し,心臓の機能を改善します.
科学分野:
- 心臓病学 心臓病学
- スリープ・メディシン (睡眠医学)
- 肺内科 肺内科 肺内科
背景:
- 阻害性睡眠無呼吸症 (OSA) の kongestive heart failure (CHF) の患者は,しばしば心臓機能の悪化を経験する.
- 継続的な陽性空気圧 (CPAP) は,これらの患者の左心室 (LV) 射出分数を改善することが知られている.
- この研究では,心臓機能の改善のための潜在的なメカニズムとして,LVのアフターロードに対するCPAPの効果を調査しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 睡眠中にCPAPが血圧 (BP) と左心室内静脈圧 (LVPtm) に与える影響を,OSAを患ったCHF患者で調べました.
- CPAPが睡眠中のLVの余剰負荷を低下させ,それによって心臓の機能を改善するという仮説を検証する.
主な方法:
- 薬理学的に治療されたOSAのCHF患者8人は,夜間ポリソムノグラフィーを受けた.
- 血圧 (BP) と食道圧 (Pes) は,覚醒状態と第2段階の非急速な眼球運動睡眠中に記録されました.
- 測定は,CPAPの投与前,投与中,および投与後に行われました.
主要な成果:
- 阻害性睡眠時無呼吸症 (OSA) は,覚醒から眠りに至るまで,シストリックBPとシストリックLVPtmを増加させた.
- CPAPは,OSAを緩和し,オキシヘモグロビン飽和度を改善し,睡眠中にシストリックBPとシストリックLVPtmを大幅に低下させた.
- また,CPAPは心拍数,Pesの振幅,呼吸速度の低下を引き起こした.
結論:
- OSAのCHF患者の睡眠中にLVのアフターロードが増加します.
- CPAPは,睡眠中のOSAを緩和することによって,LVの余分な負荷と睡眠中の心拍数を効果的に軽減します.
- CPAPは,この患者集団における余剰負荷と心拍数をさらに減らすための非薬理学的方法として機能します.
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