20世紀における米国における感染症による死亡率の傾向
G L Armstrong1, L A Conn, R W Pinner
1National Foundation for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, GA, USA. gca3@cdc.gov
JAMA
|January 19, 1999
まとめ
20世紀を通して,米国における感染症による死亡率は著しく減少したが,最近の増加は,進化する脅威に対する継続的な準備の必要性を強調している.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 死亡率統計 死亡率統計
背景:
- 感染症による死亡率の上昇と新興感染症は,長期的な傾向の分析を必要とする.
- 歴史的なパターンを理解することは,公衆衛生の準備に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 20世紀における米国における感染症による死亡率の動向を図解する.
- 一般的な感染症による年齢別死亡率を調査する.
主な方法:
- 1900年から1996年にかけての米国感染症死亡率データを分析した記述的研究.
- 一般的な感染症の死亡率と年齢別死亡率を計算するために死亡率表を使用した.
- 調べられた生体死亡率と年齢調整された死亡率.
主要な成果:
- 感染症による死亡率は1900年から1980年の間に10万人当たり797人から36人に低下し,1918年のインフルエンザ大流行によって中断されました.
- 死亡率は1981年から1995年まで上昇し,ピークは10万人に63人であり,主に既得免疫不全症候群 (AIDS) と高齢者の肺炎/インフルエンザによる死亡の増加によるものです.
- 肺炎,インフルエンザ,結核が主な原因で,特に最も若く最も高齢の集団では,年々顕著な変動がありました.
結論:
- 20世紀の全体的な減少にもかかわらず,最近の増加と変動は,感染症のダイナミックな性質を強調しています.
- 進化する感染症の脅威を管理するために,継続的な警戒と準備は不可欠です.
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