関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 6, 2026
16:24
Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA
Published on: April 26, 2013
まとめ
基本的クロマチンの単位である核体は,DNAを構成する4つのヒストンタンパク質 (H2A,H2B,H3,H4) で構成されています. この構造は,ヒストンを除去することなく,遺伝的読み取りのためのDNAアクセスを可能にします.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- クロマチンの構造は,DNAの包装と調節に不可欠です.
- 核細胞内のヒストンとDNAの正確な組織化は,依然として活発な研究分野です.
研究 の 目的:
- クロマチン構造の基本単位のための詳細なモデルを提案する.
- ヌクレオソームの中核内のDNAの組織を解明する.
主な方法:
- 既知のヒストンタンパク質の相互作用に基づく構造モデリング.
- 提案された核細胞構造の内部でのDNAの巻き上げと超巻き上げの分析.
主要な成果:
- 塩基クロマチンの単位は,ヒストンH2A,H2B,H3およびH4.4の2つの同類異型テトラメールとして提案されています.
- これらのヒストンは,DNAの140塩基対を左利きのスーパーコイルに結合するコアを形成します.
- 核素粒子は対称性のダイアード軸の周りに編成されています.
結論:
- 提案されたヌクレオソームモデルは,DNAの組織とアクセシビリティを説明する.
- ヌクレオソームは半ヌクレオソームに開けることができ,遺伝子の読み取りを容易にします.
- このモデルは,ヒストンの移動なしに遺伝子調節のためのメカニズムを示唆しています.
関連する概念動画
02:33The Nucleosome
DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
02:21Chromatin Packaging
Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter?
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.
02:05Duplication of Chromatin Structure
The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
02:21Chromatin Packaging
Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter?
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.
01:19The Nucleosome
Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
01:32Chromatin Packaging
Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...