コントロールリリースのマイクロチップ
J T Santini1, M J Cima, R Langer
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. rlanger@mid.edu
Nature
|February 13, 1999
まとめ
研究者は,オンデマンド,パルサティルな薬物投与のための新しいシリコンマイクロチップを開発しました. この固体装置は,電気化学的な溶解を用いて,様々な化学物質を制御的に放出しています.
科学分野:
- バイオメディカルエンジニアリング
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- 薬物の配送システムです.
背景:
- 伝統的な薬物投与は,外部の刺激に反応するポリマー材料に依存することが多い.
- マイクロファブリケーションは,精密な流体制御を持つアクティブデバイスを作成するための代替案を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 化学物質の制御された,オンデマンドの放出のための新しい固体シリコンマイクロチップを導入する.
- 脈動性薬剤の放出を実現するための新しいメカニズムの実証.
主な方法:
- 化学物質を含むマイクロ貯蔵庫を備えたマイクロチップの開発.
- 薄いアノド膜の電気化学的溶解を解放メカニズムとして利用する.
- モデル材料として金と塩溶液を用いた原理実証研究.
主要な成果:
- マイクロチップから化学物質の制御された,パルサチルな放出が実証されています.
- 物質の放出を誘発する電気化学的溶解を成功裏に実施しました.
- 単一の化学物質または複数の化学物質を放出するマイクロチップの能力を検証しました.
結論:
- 開発されたシリコンマイクロチップは,オンデマンド,制御されたパルサチル薬物投与のための有望なプラットフォームを提供します.
- 電気化学的な溶解は,化学物質の放出を正確に制御するための実行可能なメカニズムを提供します.
- この技術は,先進的な治療的配送システムに潜在的に応用できます.
関連する概念動画
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification
Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated
Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems
Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
iChip
The cultivation of environmental microorganisms has long been hindered by the inability to replicate complex native conditions in vitro. The isolation chip (iChip) addresses this limitation by facilitating the growth of previously uncultivable microorganisms through in situ incubation. Designed for high-throughput microbial cultivation, the iChip comprises hundreds of microchambers, each capable of housing a single microbial cell. These microchambers are loaded with a mixture of molten agar and...


