在患有精神分裂症的高风险人群中,对大脑的磁共振成像
S M Lawrie1, H Whalley, J N Kestelman
1Department of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, UK. s.lawrie@ed.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|February 19, 1999
概括
精神分裂症风险较高的个体表现出结构性大脑异常,包括较小的杏仁体-海马体综合体和thalami. 这些发现表明精神分裂症的潜在早期检测标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症是一种复杂的疾病,与大脑发育异常有关.
- 之前的研究表明,精神分裂症患者的大脑体积减少,特别是在 mesial 叶.
- 目前尚不清楚这些大脑异常是否在症状出现之前出现.
研究的目的:
- 调查精神分裂症遗传风险较高的人群中的结构性大脑差异.
- 为了比较第一发精神分裂症患者,高风险个体和健康对照者的大脑结构.
- 为了确定高风险个体的大脑异常是否类似于精神分裂症患者中出现的异常.
主要方法:
- 磁共振成像 (MRI) 用于扫描100名高危人群,20名精神分裂症第一发病患者和30名健康对照.
- 采用标准技术来测量特定感兴趣的大脑区域的体积.
- 统计分析比较了三个组的大脑体积,考虑了潜在的混因素.
主要成果:
- 两组之间没有观察到全脑体积的显著差异.
- 左桃体-海马体复合体 (AHC) 和右桃体-海马体复合体 (AHC) 的体积在第一发精神分裂症患者中明显较小,与高危人群相比,在高危人群中与对照人群相比.
- 高风险组的乳头核体积明显小于对照组.
结论:
- 患有精神分裂症的高遗传风险个体表现出类似于被诊断患有精神分裂症的人的结构性脑部异常.
- 风险人群中桃体-海马体复合体和乳头体积的减少可能成为早期发现和干预精神分裂症的潜在生物标志物.
- 这些发现强调了早期识别和高风险个体的治疗策略的重要性.
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