综合性出院规划和住院老人的家庭随访:一项随机临床试验
M D Naylor1, D Brooten, R Campbell
1School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA. naylor@pobox.upenn.edu
JAMA
|February 24, 1999
概括
这项研究发现,先进的实践护士主导的出院规划和家庭随访显著减少了高危老年患者的再入院. 此外,干预措施还降低了医疗保健成本,并延长了第一次再接收的时间.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 护理科学 护理科学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 先进实践护士 (APN) 进行全面的出院规划显示了减少老年患者再入院的短期好处.
- 然而,对高风险住院老年人的更密集的随访对退院后的影响仍然未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估以APN为中心的出院规划和家庭随访干预措施对有再入院风险的老年患者的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在两个城市医院进行了一项随机临床试验.
- 该研究包括363名老年患者 (≥65岁) 在1992年至1996年期间住院治疗.
- 这项干预涉及APN主导的出院规划和家庭随访,结果在出院后的2,6,12和24周后进行评估.
主要成果:
- 干预组在24周内显示出至少一次再入院的比例 (20.3%对37.1%) 和多次再入院的比例 (6.2%对14.5%) 显著降低.
- 接受干预的患者每位患者住院日数较少 (1.53 vs 4.09) 并且第一次再入院的时间更长.
- 干预组的医疗保险补偿金总额明显低于干预组的医疗保险补偿金总额 (约1. 60万美元与120万美元相比).
结论:
- 以APN为中心的出院规划和家庭护理干预有效地减少了高风险老年患者的再入院.
- 这种方法不仅通过延长再入院的时间来改善患者的结果,而且还显著降低了医疗保健成本.
- 这些发现强调了密集的APN跟踪对管理处于危险的老年人群和优化资源利用的潜力.
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