在吸烟者中感知到心脏病和癌症的风险
1Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass 02115, USA. ayanian@hcp.med.harvard.edu
JAMA
|March 23, 1999
概括
大多数吸烟者低估了他们患心脏病和癌症的风险. 公共卫生工作应该教育吸烟者这些危险,以鼓励戒烟.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 吸烟是心血管疾病和癌症导致可预防死亡的主要原因.
- 吸烟者往往低估了持续吸烟所带来的个人健康风险.
研究的目的:
- 评估吸烟者如何看待他们患心脏病和癌症的个人风险.
主要方法:
- 1995年对3031名美国成年人进行的一项调查,其中包括737名目前的吸烟者,评估了与同龄人相对感知到的心肌梗塞 (MI) 和癌症的风险.
- 后勤回归分析了吸烟者根据人口统计和临床因素感知到的风险.
主要成果:
- 只有29%的吸烟者和40%的吸烟者认为他们患心脏病或癌症的风险高于平均水平.
- 即使是沉重的吸烟者和那些有现有的危险因素 (高血压,胸痛) 的人也经常认为他们的风险是平均的.
- 老年人,受教育程度较低的人和轻度吸烟者不太可能认为个人风险增加.
结论:
- 大多数吸烟者并不认为自己有吸烟相关疾病的风险增加.
- 医疗保健提供者和公共卫生专业人员应该积极地向吸烟者告知他们的高健康风险,以促进戒烟.
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