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在艾滋病毒-1感染的肺结核患者在阿比让,科特迪瓦减少发病率和死亡率的trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole预防的有效性:一个随机对照试验

S Z Wiktor¹, M Sassan-Morokro, A D Grant

¹Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. szw0@cdc.gov

Lancet (London, England)

|May 8, 1999

概括

每天的co-trimoxazole预防在非洲结核病的HIV-1患者的死亡率和住院率显著降低. 这种治疗耐受性很好,为这个弱势群体提供了更好的护理.

科学领域:

传染性疾病传染性疾病
公共卫生公共卫生
临床医学临床医学

背景情况:

在非洲的HIV-1肺结核患者中,机会性感染和死亡率高.
需要有效的预防措施来降低这一群体的发病率和死亡率.

研究的目的:

评估co-trimoxazole在预防机会性感染方面的安全性和有效性.
评估co-trimoxazole对减少HIV-1阳性结核病患者的发病率和死亡率的影响.

主要方法:

771名艾滋病毒-1病毒阳性肺结核患者的随机试验在阿比扬.
在开始结核病治疗一个月后,每天服用co-trimoxazole (800 mg/160 mg) 或安慰剂.
对随访期间的坚持,耐受性和住院率的评估.

主要成果:

在co-trimoxazole和安慰剂组之间,实验室和临床不良事件的发生率相似.
在co-trimoxazole组中,死亡风险显著降低46% (p<0.001),住院率降低43% (p=0.02).
在co-trimoxazole组中,感染败血症和肠炎的入院病例较少.

结论:

每天的co-trimoxazole预防在HIV-1感染的肺结核患者中耐受良好.
在这一群体中,co-trimoxazole显著降低了死亡率和住院率.
这些发现对改善非洲临床护理具有重要意义.

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