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患有抑郁症的青少年成长为成年人
M M Weissman1, S Wolk, R B Goldstein
1Division of Clinical and Genetic Epidemiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York 10032, USA. weissman@child.cpmc.columbia.edu
JAMA
|May 18, 1999
概括
大型抑郁症 (MDD) 在青春期显著增加了自杀风险,并持续到成年期,导致更高的抑郁症,住院治疗和功能障碍. 早期发现和治疗对于青少年MDD患者至关重要.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床流行病学临床流行病学
背景情况:
- 青春期严重抑郁症 (MDD) 与功能障碍和自杀风险有关.
- 关于青少年发病的MDD长期临床过程到成年期的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查从青春期到成年期的大型抑郁症 (MDD) 的连续性.
- 描述青少年发病的MDD的临床结果和长期影响.
主要方法:
- 一项前性病例控制研究跟踪了73名青少年发病MDD的受试者和37名健康对照.
- 最初的评估发生在1977-1985年间 (坦纳阶段III-V),后续评估发生在10-15年后 (1992-1996).
- 评估结果包括自杀,精神病诊断,治疗和社会功能.
主要成果:
- 青少年发病的MDD与7.7%的自杀率和5倍自杀企图的风险增加有关.
- 患有青少年MDD的个体在成年后患有复发MDD的风险增加了2倍,但其他精神疾病没有.
- 社会,工作和家庭功能受损是普遍存在的,与69%的对照人群相比,只有37%的成年人仍然没有发作.
结论:
- 青少年发病的MDD在成年期表现出显著的连续性,特异性,发病率和死亡风险.
- 青少年MDD的早期识别和基于证据的治疗有强烈的迹象.
- 研究结果强调,对于被诊断患有抑郁症的青少年来说,持续提供心理健康支持至关重要.
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