捕食者在森林昆虫的种群周期中的动态作用:一个实验测试试验
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3043, USA. Department of Zoology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. Southern Research Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 14, 1999
概括
捕食者对南方松甲虫 (Dendroctonus frontalis) 种群周期产生重大影响. 它们的延迟作用,特别是在人口减少期间,对于理解昆虫动态和森林健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
- 人口动态 人口动态
背景情况:
- 森林昆虫,如南方松虫 (Dendroctonus frontalis),经常表现出种群周期.
- 时间序列分析表明,南方松虫的动态受到延迟密度依赖的生态过程的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了测试捕食者相互作用导致南方松虫种群中观察到的延迟密度依赖的假设.
- 量化掠食对南方松虫数量随时间的波动的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项长期捕食者排除实验.
- 在南方松虫种群周期的不同阶段,监测了捕食者强加的死亡率.
主要成果:
- 在人口增加阶段,捕食者所造成的死亡率是最小的.
- 由于捕食者的死亡率在人口峰值年增加,在人口下降阶段最高.
- 掠食对南方松虫死亡率的影响表现出显著的延迟.
结论:
- 捕食在推动南方松虫的种群周期方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 捕食的延迟影响是导致南方松虫种群观察到的振荡的一个关键因素.
- 了解捕食者-猎物动态对于管理森林昆虫暴发至关重要.
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