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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
06:43

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management

Published on: November 21, 2017

5岁以下儿童的伤寒热

A Sinha1, S Sazawal, R Kumar

  • 1Indian Council for Medical Research, Advanced Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, New Delhi.

Lancet (London, England)
|September 4, 1999
PubMed
概括

伤寒热明显影响5岁以下的儿童,挑战了关于其在老年人群中患病率的假设. 这项研究强调需要重新评估幼儿伤寒免疫策略.

关键词:
年龄因素 年龄因素亚洲 亚洲 亚洲 亚洲细菌和真菌疾病 细菌和真菌疾病孩子孩子孩子孩子孩子孩子社区卫生服务 社区卫生服务提供医疗保健服务.人口结构因素 人口结构因素发展中国家 发展中国家疾病 疾病 疾病卫生健康 卫生健康 卫生健康卫生服务 卫生服务 卫生服务免疫接种 免疫接种印度 印度 印度感染 感染 感染人口人口的人口人口.人口特征 人口特征初级医疗保健是一项主要的医疗保健.公共卫生 公共卫生研究报告 研究报告南亚 南亚亚洲 南亚伤寒热 伤寒热 伤寒热疫苗接种 疫苗接种年轻人 年轻人 年轻人 年轻人 年轻人

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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in response to an infection or illness.
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
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Fever can be triggered by several factors, including infections, nervous system disorders, certain cancers, blood diseases like leukemia, embolism, thrombosis, heatstroke, dehydration, surgical trauma, crushing injuries, and allergic reactions.
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Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...