使用低识字患者教育工具来提高肺炎球菌疫苗接种率. 一个随机对照试验
T A Jacobson1, D M Thomas, F J Morton
1Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA. tjaco02@emory.edu
JAMA
|October 12, 1999
概括
一个简单的,低识字的工具显著提高了肺炎球菌疫苗接种讨论和老年,低识字患者的率. 这项教育干预措施改善了患者与医生的对话,并改善了弱势群体的免疫接种率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生识字 卫生识字
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 老年人和高危人群中的肺炎球菌免疫率明显低于美国公共卫生服务目标的60%.
- 影响老年人口的很大一部分的有限或边际识字可能是导致低疫苗接种率的一个因素.
研究的目的:
- 评估一个低识字教育工具是否可以提高患者与医生的关于肺炎球菌疫苗接种的沟通.
- 确定这种干预措施是否会在目标人群中增加肺炎球菌免疫率.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验在一个城市公共教学医院的门诊护理诊所进行.
- 参与者包括433名没有先前接种疫苗的老年人或慢性病患者,被分配到干预组 (接种疫苗的低素养手册) 或对照组 (营养素质的低素养手册).
- 测量结果包括记录的疫苗接种率和与医生有关疫苗接种的自我报告讨论.
主要成果:
- 接受低识字教育工具的患者与他们的医生讨论肺炎球菌疫苗接种的可能性是四倍.
- 与对照组相比,干预组的肺炎球菌疫苗接种率超过5倍.
- 多变量分析证实,只有干预组分配与增加的讨论和免疫显著相关.
结论:
- 一个简单的,低素养的教育手册有效地提高了肺炎球菌疫苗接种率.
- 该工具还显著改善了患者与医生的关于肺炎球菌疫苗的对话.
- 这项干预表明,在服务不足,文盲程度低,老年人群中改善接种疫苗的成功策略.
相关概念视频
01:51Vaccinations
Overview
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
01:28Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches
Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
01:29Drug Dosing: Infants and Children
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...