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与超重和肥胖相关的疾病负担
A Must1, J Spadano, E H Coakley
1Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA. amust@hnrc.tufts.edu
JAMA
|November 5, 1999
概括
超重和肥胖显著增加了多种健康状况的风险,包括2型糖尿病和胆囊疾病,特别是在年轻人中. 解决肥胖问题对于预防这些严重的并发症至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生和流行病学
- 肥胖问题研究研究
- 慢性疾病管理 慢性疾病管理
背景情况:
- 美国超重和肥胖率的上升对慢性疾病负担作出了重大贡献.
- 了解体重状况与特定健康状况之间的联系对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查体重状况之间的关系,包括不同程度的超重和肥胖,以及美国成年人口中特定健康状况的患病率.
- 分析超重和肥胖的严重程度如何与慢性疾病的发生相关.
主要方法:
- 利用了从1988年至1994年进行的第三次全国健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES III) 的全国代表性横截面调查的数据.
- 分析了16884名25岁及以上的成年人的数据,根据体重指数 (BMI) 分类为超重和肥胖群体 (BMI ≥25 kg/m2).
- 评估了2型糖尿病,胆囊疾病,冠心病,高血胆固醇,高血压和骨关节炎的患病率.
主要成果:
- 超过一半的美国成年人 (63%的男性,55%的女性) 被归类为超重或肥胖 (BMI ≥25 kg/m2).
- 大多数健康状况的流行率 (PR) 显著逐渐增加,BMI严重程度增加,除了男性冠心病和两性高胆固醇.
- 在55岁以下的严重肥胖个体 (BMI ≥40 kg/m2) 中,2型糖尿病和胆囊疾病的PRs最高. 患病率在年轻人中普遍较高,并在所有具有较高体重地位的种族/族裔子组中增加.
- 患有两种或多种健康状况的患病率在所有人口群体中随着体重状况类别的增加而升级.
结论:
- 超过一半的美国成年人口超重或肥胖,这突出了一个主要的公共卫生问题.
- 与肥胖相关的并发症的高患病率强调,迫切需要全面的战略,重点是预防和治疗肥胖,而不是仅仅管理相关疾病.
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