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相关概念视频

Electron Transport Chains01:28

Electron Transport Chains

The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
The ETC is comprised of...
Positive Regulator Molecules01:45

Positive Regulator Molecules

To consistently produce healthy cells, the cell cycle—the process that generates daughter cells—must be precisely regulated.
Positive Regulator Molecules02:39

Positive Regulator Molecules

Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
Consecutive Reactions01:22

Consecutive Reactions

Consecutive reactions involve a sequence where the product of a preceding reaction becomes the reactant for the subsequent one. In a simple scheme, A transforms into B, which further reacts to form C, with rate constants k1 and k2, respectively. This concept is evident in the radioactive decay series. Assuming an initial state with only A present, the conservation of matter leads to three coupled differential equations, determining the concentrations of A, B, and C over time.The rate of change...
Electron Transport Chain Components01:29

Electron Transport Chain Components

The electron transport chain (ETC) is a crucial metabolic pathway that facilitates energy conversion in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotes, the ETC comprises four membrane-associated protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes, the ETC in the plasma membrane can vary in composition, with fewer or different complexes depending on the organism and environmental conditions. These complexes transfer electrons from electron donors, such as NADH and FADH2, to...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation
08:54

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation

Published on: April 15, 2011

循环素B1的积累需要E2F和循环素A-依赖的重新安排的阿纳相促进复合体.

C Lukas1, C S Sørensen, E Kramer

  • 1Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen.

Nature
|November 5, 1999
PubMed
概括

细胞周期调节涉及视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白 (pRb) 家族控制E2F/DP转录因子. 这项研究揭示了E2F依赖的Cdh1酸化由环素A/Cdk2对于及时的环素B1积累和细胞周期协调至关重要.

科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 哺乳动物细胞周期进展依赖于视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白 (pRb) 家庭调节E2F/DP转录因子.
  • 持续的E2F目标基因转录后G1/S过渡协调S相与细胞分裂通过环林B和亚纳酶促进复合体 (APC).
  • 对于E2F依赖事件与环林B和APC活动的编排仍然不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 调查G1/S过渡时E2F依赖事件如何与环林B和APC活动协调.
  • 阐明环林A依赖激酶和Cdh1在细胞周期期间调节环林B1稳定性的作用.

主要方法:

  • 利用体内测试来实时测量细胞周期期间的蛋白质稳定性.
  • 研究了抑制E2F活性或抑制循环林A依赖激酶对循环林B1破坏的影响.
  • 研究了使用酸化缺陷的Cdh1突变体和循环林A免疫减弱的活性Cdh1-APC复合物的组装.

主要成果:

  • 在S相中抑制E2F活性或抑制循环林A依赖激酶会触发循环林B1的破坏.
  • 这种破坏发生在亚纳相促进复合体 (APC) 与其激活剂Cdh1的重新组装过程中.
  • 缺乏酸化的Cdh1或环素A的耗尽导致活跃的Cdh1-APC组合,即使在S相细胞中.

更多相关视频

Analysis of Cell Cycle Position in Mammalian Cells
12:19

Analysis of Cell Cycle Position in Mammalian Cells

Published on: January 21, 2012

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
12:02

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols

Published on: June 6, 2017

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation
08:54

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation

Published on: April 15, 2011

Analysis of Cell Cycle Position in Mammalian Cells
12:19

Analysis of Cell Cycle Position in Mammalian Cells

Published on: January 21, 2012

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
12:02

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols

Published on: June 6, 2017

结论:

  • Cdh1的E2F依赖的,循环蛋白A/Cdk2介导的酸化与循环蛋白B1.1的及时积累有关.
  • 这种机制对于在限制点之后协调细胞周期进展至关重要.
  • 这些发现揭示了E2F,循环A/Cdk2,Cdh1和循环B1之间的细胞循环控制的新型调节联系.