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预测人类流感A的演变
R M Bush1, C A Bender, K Subbarao
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. rmbush@uci.edu
概括
流感A H3血凝素 (HA1) 基因中的某些突变有助于预测未来的病毒菌株. 监测这些积极选择的编码子可以在抗原漂移期间识别最适合的流感病毒.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子进化分子进化
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 流感A亚型H3病毒由于抗原漂移而不断演变.
- 了解病毒进化的遗传基础对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 血凝素 (HA) 是一种关键的表面蛋白质,参与病毒的进入,是免疫系统的目标.
研究的目的:
- 为了在H3流感A病毒的HA1域中在积极选择下识别特定的编码子.
- 评估这些编码体中的突变对未来病毒系的出现的预测价值.
- 调查正选择的编码子与功能重要部位的关联.
主要方法:
- 对人类流感A H3血凝素基因序列的分析.
- 应用积极选择检测方法来识别特定的编码子.
- 追溯分析将被选定的编码子中的突变与未来病毒系的出现联系起来.
- 将选定的编码子映射到抗体结合部位和受体结合部位.
主要成果:
- 在HA1域中,有18个编码子被确定为正选择.
- 在11个季节中的9个季节中,在这些密码体中突变最多的病毒系是未来H3系的祖先.
- 积极选择的编码子经常位于抗体结合部位 (A或B) 或酸受体结合部位.
- 不是这些功能性重要部位内的所有子都表现出预测价值.
结论:
- 在HA1中特定的积极选择的编码子是未来H3流感A病毒演变的强有力的指标.
- 在新分离的H3菌株中监测这些关键编码子可以帮助预测病毒适应性和出现.
- 这种方法可以加强监测策略,在抗原漂移期间识别易患流行性流感菌株.
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