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护理作为死亡风险因素:护理人员健康影响研究
1Department of Psychiatry and University Center for Social & Urban Research, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. schulz+@pitt.edu
JAMA
|December 22, 1999
概括
在老年人中,照顾者的压力显著增加了死亡风险. 经历精神或情感压力的老年配偶照顾者面临的死亡风险比非照顾者高63%.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 照顾残疾老年人是一个重要的压力因素,可能导致精神病发病.
- 老年护理人员面临身体健康问题和死亡率的风险增加,原因是护理需求和生物脆弱性的累积影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查老年配偶护理人员的护理需求与四年内全因死亡率之间的关联.
- 在检查死亡风险时,在基线控制社会人口学因素,流行临床疾病和亚临床疾病.
主要方法:
- 从1993年到1998年在美国四个社区进行的基于人口的前性队列研究.
- 参与了392名护理人员和427名与配偶同居的66-96岁的非护理人员.
- 死亡率在4年内进行了评估,并根据照顾者身份和报告的菌株进行了分类.
主要成果:
- 在对共变量进行调整后,报告精神或情绪紧张的配偶照顾者表现出63%更高的死亡风险 (RR,1.63;95% CI,1.00-2.65).
- 提供护理的护理人员没有报告的压力并没有显示死亡率升高.
- 拥有残疾配偶但不提供护理的个人也没有显著增加死亡率.
结论:
- 老年配偶照顾者所经历的精神或情绪上的压力是死亡的独立风险因素.
- 报告病变的护理人员死亡的可能性明显高于他们的非护理同行.
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