相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 20, 2026

09:29
The Bioconjugation and Radiosynthesis of 89Zr-DFO-labeled Antibodies
Published on: February 12, 2015
概括
关于辐射风险的新数据表明,目前对-90,-226和-239的职业摄入限值可能需要修订. 这些极限应与全身暴露极限一起重新评估.
科学领域:
- 辐射保护 辐射保护
- 核医学是一种核医学.
- 辐射生物学 辐射生物学
背景情况:
- 国际辐射保护委员会 (ICRP) 制定了职业暴露限值.
- 目前对-90 (90Sr),-226 (226Ra) 和-239 (239Pu) 等放射性核酸的限制值是基于历史数据的.
- 关于辐射诱导的致命癌症,遗传性疾病和放射性核酸代谢的新数据正在出现.
研究的目的:
- 评估当前特定放射性核素的职业摄入限值的充分性.
- 为了确定90Sr,226Ra和239Pu的现有限值是否需要根据新的科学证据进行修订.
- 评估放射性核素特定摄入极限与全身均暴露极限之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 分析最近有关辐射风险的可用数据.
- 关于放射性核酸代谢和体内分布的研究的综述.
- 放射性核素摄入极限与全身暴露极限的比较评估.
主要成果:
- 新出现的数据表明,与90Sr,226Ra和239Pu相关的风险可能被低估.
- 当前的职业摄入限值可能无法充分考虑致命的癌症和遗传疾病风险.
- 建议在放射性核素特定摄入限值和全身暴露限值之间需要协调.
结论:
- 目前对90Sr,226Ra和239Pu的职业摄入限值可能需要大幅修订.
- 修订应考虑癌症和遗传性疾病的最新风险评估.
- 为了全面的辐射保护,需要对全身暴露限值进行综合审查.
相关概念视频
Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations
Nuclear chemistry is the study of reactions that involve changes in nuclear structure. The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and, except for hydrogen, neutrons. The number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number (Z) of the element, and the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons is the mass number (A). Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are isotopes of the same element.
A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...
A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...
Types of Radioactivity
The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture.
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
Nuclear Stability
Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together in the...
To hold positively charged protons together in the...
Nuclear Transmutation
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...
Biological Effects of Radiation
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...
Isotopes and Radioisotopes
In the early 1900s, English chemist Frederick Soddy realized that an element could have atoms with different masses that were chemically indistinguishable. These different types are called isotopes — atoms of the same element that differ in mass. Isotopes differ in mass because they have different numbers of neutrons but are chemically identical because they have the same number of protons. Soddy was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1921 for this discovery.
An isotope containing more...
An isotope containing more...

