对于效应T细胞功能来说,JNK是必需的,但不是用于T细胞激活
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Nature
|May 16, 2000
概括
c-Jun氨基终端激酶 (JNK) 途径对于T细胞分化至关重要,而不是T细胞初始激活. 缺乏JNK信号的小鼠显示IL-2的产生和扩散增强,但影响了效应细胞因子的产生.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 细胞信号传递 细胞信号传递
背景情况:
- 介素2 (IL-2) 生产是T细胞激活的一个关键指标.
- c-Jun氨基末端激酶 (JNK) 是一种参与AP-1转录因子活性和IL-2表达的MAP激酶.
- 之前的研究表明,JNK1/JNK2缺乏影响T细胞亚群分化,但不影响天真T细胞的IL-2产生.
研究的目的:
- 研究JNK信号通路在天真T细胞激活和IL-2表达中的关键作用.
- 确定JNK信号是否对IL-2产生和T细胞增殖至关重要.
- 阐明JNK在T细胞细胞因子细胞因子生产和分化中的必要性.
主要方法:
- 使用了三种新型小鼠模型,完全没有JNK蛋白或外围T细胞中的信号.
- 与野生类型对照相比,评估了缺乏JNK信号的T细胞的IL-2生产和增殖能力.
- 评估了JNK对产生效应T细胞细胞因子的需求.
主要成果:
- 与野生型T细胞相比,完全缺乏JNK信号的T细胞出人意料地表现出更高的IL-2产生和增强的增殖.
- 发现JNK信号传递对于天真T细胞激活和IL-2表达是不可或缺的.
- 分化T细胞产生的效应细胞因子的产生依赖于JNK信号传递.
结论:
- 对于初始T细胞或IL-2生产的初始激活,不需要JNK信号.
- 在T细胞分化成特定的子集和效应器功能方面,JNK起着至关重要的作用.
- 该JNK通路对于T细胞分化至关重要,但对于天真T细胞激活至关重要.
相关概念视频
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
11.9K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
11.9K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
14.7K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
14.7K
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway
9.8K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
9.8K
Cells of the Innate Immune Response
8.6K
The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
8.6K
MAPK Signaling Cascades
7.9K
Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
7.9K
T Cell Types and Functions
2.1K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
2.1K


