非性聚合物在超临界CO2中具有非常高的溶解度,可以在低压下溶解
1Chemical Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
Nature
|May 23, 2000
概括
新的非性共聚合物作为高效的CO2聚合物,提高了具有挑战性的化合物在低压下在二氧化碳 (CO2) 中的可溶性. 这一突破有望实现更具成本效益和更容易获得的基于二氧化碳的化学工艺.
科学领域:
- 绿色化学 绿色化学
- 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 液态和超临界二氧化碳 (CO2) 是有吸引力的环保无害溶剂.
- 实际应用受到二氧化碳有限地溶解极性,两性,有机金属或高分子质量的化合物的能力的阻碍.
- 现有的二氧化碳文件,通常是昂贵的碳化合物,限制了基于二氧化碳的工艺的商业可行性.
研究的目的:
- 从廉价的材料开发高效的非化二氧化碳片.
- 为了使二氧化碳作为化学过程中的溶剂得到更广泛的应用.
- 为了克服与当前的二氧化碳技术相关的成本限制.
主要方法:
- 使用烯和CO2合成的聚乙烯碳酸共聚合物.
- 应用启发式规则,以优化单体选择特定的溶解物 - 聚合物和聚合物 - 聚合物相互作用.
- 通过合成的共聚物作为CO2-文件,研究了各种化合物的在CO2中的溶解性.
主要成果:
- 开发了新的聚乙碳酸共聚合物,可以作为有效的CO2-片.
- 证明这些非性共聚物在低压下提高了二氧化碳中难溶化合物的可溶性.
- 在不依赖昂贵的化材料的情况下,实现了高效的二氧化碳可溶性.
结论:
- 共聚合物设计,平衡相互作用的和,是创建有效的非化CO2-片的关键.
- 廉价的非化二氧化碳可从易于获得的原料中合成.
- 这种方法可以使一系列基于二氧化碳的工艺在经济上可行,特别是当二氧化碳的循环利用具有挑战性时.
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