核糖体活性在键合成中的结构基础
1Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry and Department of Chemistry, Yale University, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT 06520-8114, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 11, 2000
概括
核糖体作为一种 ribozyme 的功能,其全RNA 活性部位催化键合成. 这个过程涉及特定的核糖体RNA残留物,而不是蛋白质,突出显示RNA.
科学领域:
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 核糖体是一个复杂的分子机器,负责蛋白质合成.
- 它的催化活性,特别是键形成,一直是强烈研究的主题.
- 核糖体RNA (rRNA) 与核糖体蛋白质在催化中的作用仍然是一个关键问题.
研究的目的:
- 阐明在核糖体内合成键的催化机制.
- 确定核糖体RNA和蛋白质对活性部位的贡献.
- 为了研究核糖体的核糖酶活性的结构基础.
主要方法:
- 确定来自Haloarcula marismortui的大型核糖体子单元的原子结构.
- 分析复合物与基质类似物以可视化活性部位.
- 使用X射线晶体学来解析高分辨率的结构细节.
主要成果:
- 建立了核糖体作为一个具有全RNA活性部位的核糖酶,用于键合成.
- 在23S rRNA的域V中确定了保存的rRNA残留物,作为基质类型的唯一接触点.
- 证明蛋白质侧链不直接参与催化键形成.
结论:
- 核糖体的催化核完全由RNA组成,这证实了它的核糖酶性质.
- 键合成机制类似于血清蛋白酶酸化的逆向,其中特定的rRNA基具有关键作用.
- 聚化物出口道涉及RNA和蛋白质,蛋白质围绕着道的出口.
相关概念视频
01:27Ribosomes
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Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
01:27Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.Ribosome Structure and AssemblyRibosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within the...
02:53Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
01:27Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
01:27Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...