健康工作的成年人接种流感疫苗的有效性和成本效益:一个随机对照试验
C B Bridges1, W W Thompson, M I Meltzer
1Influenza Branch, MS A-32, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. cbridges@cdc.gov
JAMA
|October 4, 2000
概括
针对健康工作的成年人进行流感疫苗接种可以减少疾病和缺勤,当疫苗病毒与循环菌株相匹配时. 然而,它可能不会每年提供经济效益.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 对于老年人来说,流感疫苗的成本效益已经确立,但对于年轻,健康的人来说,这一点不太清楚.
- 类似流感的疾病 (ILI) 通过失去生产力和医疗保健费用,对工作中的成年人产生重大影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估流感疫苗接种在健康的成年劳动者中预防ILI的有效性.
- 通过分析与ILI相关的社会成本,评估流感疫苗接种的成本效益.
主要方法:
- 一个双盲,随机,安慰剂对照试验在两个流感季节进行.
- 18-64岁的健康,全职工作的成年人接受了流感疫苗或安慰剂.
- 结果包括血清学确认的流感,ILI,医生访问和缺勤,并进行社会成本分析.
主要成果:
- 在一个疫苗和流通病毒不匹配的季节,疫苗的疗效为50%,不减少ILI或相关成本.
- 在一个与病毒相匹配的季节,疫苗疗效为86%,ILI减少了34%,医生访问减少了42%,工作日减少了32%.
- 尽管在匹配的季节有临床益处,但接种疫苗导致每人11.17美元的净社会成本.
结论:
- 在有良好的病毒匹配季节,流感疫苗接种可以降低健康工作成年人的ILI,工作缺勤和医生访问.
- 流感疫苗接种对这一人口群体的整体经济益处在大多数年可能无法实现.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来优化劳动人口的疫苗接种策略.
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