从原始盐晶中分离出一个2亿5千万年前的耐药细菌
R H Vreeland1, W D Rosenzweig, D W Powers
1Department of Biology, West Chester University, Pennsylvania 19383, USA. rvreeland@wcupa.edu
Nature
|November 1, 2000
概括
科学家从一个有2.5亿年历史的盐晶中分离出了一种以前未知的细菌. 这种古老的微生物,是一种子形成的细菌物种,在盐水中发现,证明了显著的生存能力.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 地质地质地质地质地质地
- 古生物学的古生物学
背景情况:
- 由于污染问题,古老细菌的隔离具有挑战性.
- 以前的研究,比如从珀中分离Bacillus sphaericus,强调了样本完整性的重要性.
- 珀米亚沙拉多形成为古代生命的保存提供了一个独特的地质背景.
研究的目的:
- 从一个有2.5亿年历史的盐晶中分离和描述一种活跃的细菌.
- 为了确认盐晶及其含有物的年龄和原始性质.
- 为了确定分离的细菌的遗传学位置.
主要方法:
- 严格选择盐水晶样本,拒绝任何含有盐水中污染迹象的样本.
- 在提取盐水之前,使用强和酸对盐晶表面进行灭菌.
- 从提取的盐水中分离和培养形成子的细菌.
- 16S核糖体DNA基因测序用于遗传学分析.
主要成果:
- 隔离并成功培养了一种以前未被识别的子形成菌株 (菌株2-9-3).
- 16S核糖体DNA测序将该细菌置于巴西路斯马里斯莫尔图伊和维吉巴西路斯潘托蒂克斯的血统中.
- 地质证据 (晶体结构,沉积物特征) 支持盐自形成以来没有再结晶.
- 绝育方案将污染概率降低到109.9的1以下.
结论:
- 一种可活的,古老的细菌成功地从一个有2.5亿年历史的盐晶中分离出来.
- 隔离的细菌代表了Bacillus血统中的新物种.
- 这项研究提供了强有力的证据,证明了古老的矿沉积物中可生存的微生物的保存.
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