在青春期和成年早期,吸烟与焦虑症之间存在关联
J G Johnson1, P Cohen, D S Pine
1Box 60, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY 10032, USA. jjohnso@pi.cpmc.columbia.edu
JAMA
|November 7, 2000
概括
青少年吸烟显著增加了在成年早期患上 agorahobia,通用焦虑症和恐慌症的风险. 然而,青少年焦虑症并不能预测成年人吸烟的习惯.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 吸烟与焦虑症有关,但因果关系尚不清楚.
- 吸烟与特定焦虑障碍之间的关联的方向性需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 检查吸烟与青少年和年轻成年人焦虑障碍之间的纵向关联.
- 为了确定青少年吸烟是否预测成人焦虑障碍或反之.
主要方法:
- 展望纵向研究:社区儿童研究.
- 688名青少年的社区样本,在青春期 (平均年龄16岁) 和早期成年期 (平均年龄22岁) 进行评估.
- 利用儿童诊断面试时间表来测量吸烟和精神疾病.
主要成果:
- 严重的青少年吸烟 (每天≥20支烟) 与早期成年期发展焦虑症 (OR=6.79),泛性焦虑症 (OR=5.53) 和恐慌症 (OR=15.58) 的几率增加有关.
- 这些关联在控制各种混因素之后仍然很重要,包括童年气,物质使用和父母的精神病理学.
- 青少年焦虑障碍与成年早期的慢性吸烟没有显著的关联 (OR=0.88).
结论:
- 青春期吸烟可能是青春期晚期和成年早期发展特定焦虑障碍的危险因素.
- 这些发现表明,吸烟在某些焦虑症的出现之前并有助于引起某些焦虑症的潜在因果关系.
- 相反,青春期的焦虑障碍似乎没有预测成年早期慢性吸烟的发展.
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