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吸烟和精神疾病:一个基于人口的流行研究.
K Lasser1, J W Boyd, S Woolhandler
1Department of Medicine, Cambridge Hospital, Macht Bldg, 1493 Cambridge St, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. klasser@massmed.org
JAMA
|November 22, 2000
概括
患有精神疾病的成年人吸烟率高于普通人群,超过40%的过去一个月患有精神疾病的人目前吸烟. 尽管发病率较高,但患有精神疾病的个体的戒烟率显著,这表明戒烟干预措施的潜力.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 之前的研究表明,精神疾病患者的住院或诊所人口的吸烟率更高.
- 发现缺乏最近的,基于人口的,全国代表性的关于精神疾病成年人吸烟的数据.
研究的目的:
- 确定和比较成年人中吸烟和戒烟的患病率,无论是患有精神疾病还是没有精神疾病.
- 分析不同类型和不同数量的精神病诊断中的吸烟行为.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自全国并发症调查 (1991-1992) 的4411名15-54岁受访者的数据.
- 使用修改后的复合国际诊断面试来评估精神病诊断.
- 分析了与精神疾病状况相关的吸烟和戒烟率.
主要成果:
- 没有精神疾病的人目前的吸烟率为22.5%,终身精神疾病为34.8%,过去一个月的精神疾病为41.0%.
- 与没有精神疾病的人 (39.1%) 相比,患有精神疾病的人 (55.3%-59.0%) 的终身吸烟率显著更高.
- 患有精神疾病的吸烟者戒烟率 (30.5%-37.1%) 比没有精神疾病的吸烟者 (42.5%) 低,过去一个月患有精神疾病的人吸烟率约为2.7.
结论:
- 与普通人群相比,患有精神疾病的个体吸烟的可能性大约是一般人群的两倍.
- 尽管吸烟率较高,但精神疾病吸烟者中存在大量戒烟率,这表明有机会进行干预.
- 在接受调查的人群中,患有精神障碍的人占吸烟人数的很大一部分.
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