在脊椎动物头部进化过程中保存和阐述霍克斯基因调节的过程
M Manzanares1, H Wada, N Itasaki
1Division of Developmental Neurobiology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, UK.
Nature
|December 29, 2000
概括
在小鼠和小胚胎中研究amphioxus Hox基因调节元件揭示了保存的神经管表达机制. 这表明古老的调节元素在脊椎动物祖先中进化为面发育.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 进化遗传学 进化遗传学
- 进行比较基因组学.
背景情况:
- 与无脊椎动物亲属相比,脊椎动物的Hox基因表现出独特的特征,如集群重复和扩展的表达模式.
- 了解这些新型表达领域和功能的演变对于理解脊椎动物起源至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究新的霍克斯基因表达域和发育功能的演变.
- 在脊椎动物胚胎中测试Amphioxus Hox基因片段的cis调节活性.
主要方法:
- 转基因小鼠和小胚胎被用来测试来自Amphioxus Hox集群的基因组DNA片段的cis调节活性.
- 分析的重点是保存的cis-regulatory机制和识别新的监管元素.
主要成果:
- 证据显示,神经管基因表达控制的调节机制,包括视网膜酸信号依赖,已经保存了5亿多年.
- 识别Amphioxus Hox基因调节元件,驱动脊椎动物特异性结构如神经细胞,神经性斑点和分支弧的表达.
- 证明这些元素在脊椎动物胚胎中发挥作用,尽管这些结构在头和弦动物中不存在.
结论:
- 神经管中霍克斯基因表达的Cis调节机制在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物状动物进化中高度保留.
- 脊椎动物面图案的进化涉及霍克斯基因集群中的cis-regulatory元素的阐述.
- 这项研究提供了关于脊椎动物发育基因调节的深层进化起源的见解.
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