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Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers
Published on: August 20, 2014
分子生物学. 分子生物学. 解开RNA沉默的卷曲方式
1Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK. david.baulcombe@bbsrc.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 24, 2001
概括
RNA沉默是细胞对外来遗传物质的防御. 新的研究表明,绿藻中的RNA螺旋酶基因在通过RNA沉默调节基因表达方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 生物化学 生化学
背景情况:
- 细胞拥有RNA沉默机制,以消除外来核酸.
- 外来RNA来源包括病毒,逆转移体和转基因.
- RNA沉默调节基因表达在转录后的水平.
研究的目的:
- 在真核生物体中研究RNA沉默的遗传基础.
- 为了确定负责绿藻中RNA沉默的特定基因产物.
- 了解这种基因产品在基因表达调节中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对影响RNA沉默通路的基因突变进行分析.
- 编码RNA沉默机制的基因的识别和表征.
- 对已识别的蛋白质与其他生物体中的同类蛋白质进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 编码RNA螺旋酶的基因被确定为绿藻中RNA沉默的必需基因.
- 这种RNA螺旋酶与虫等生物体中发现的蛋白质是同类的.
- RNA螺旋酶对于通过RNA沉默来调节基因表达至关重要.
结论:
- 这些发现阐明了真核生物中RNA沉默通路的关键组成部分.
- RNA螺旋酶是对外来RNA的防御机制不可或缺的组成部分.
- 这一发现加深了我们对藻类和潜在的其他生物体中基因表达控制的理解.
相关概念视频
01:23RNA Structure
Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
01:23RNA Structure
Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
03:21RNA-seq
RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases.
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
01:19RNA Structure
The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...