对用于针对儿童结核素皮肤检测的风险评估问卷的评估
P O Ozuah1, T P Ozuah, R E Stein
1Children's Hospital at Montefiore, 3544 Jerome Ave, Bronx, NY 10467. pozuah@poi.net
JAMA
|March 10, 2001
概括
纽约市卫生部 (NYCDOH) 结核病风险评估问卷有效地识别了需要结核素皮肤测试的儿童. 这种有针对性的查提高了儿童结核病检测的效率和准确性.
科学领域:
- 儿科公共卫生 儿科公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 诊断测试评价 诊断测试评价
背景情况:
- 在儿童中,通用结核素皮肤检测往往是低效和昂贵的.
- 卫生当局建议根据流行病学风险进行有针对性的查.
- 纽约市卫生部 (NYCDOH) 开发了一份风险评估问卷,以确定需要测试的儿童.
研究的目的:
- 评估NYCDOH结核病风险评估问卷的敏感性,特异性和预测有效性.
- 确定针对儿童结核病的查的有效性.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项前性标准标准研究,涉及2920名1至18岁的儿童.
- 结核素皮肤测试和NYCDOH问卷同时进行.
- 关键问题集中在结核病例接触,流行地区旅行/分娩,高风险成年人接触和艾滋病毒状况上.
主要成果:
- 纽约市卫生部的问卷调查发现,有14%的儿童至少有一种风险因素.
- 阳性皮肤测试发生在5.6%的患有危险因素的儿童身上,而没有危险因素的儿童只有0.16%.
- 调查问卷显示了85.2%的灵敏度,86.0%的特异性和99.8%的负预测值.
结论:
- 纽约市卫生局问卷是确定需要结核素皮肤检测的儿童的验证工具.
- 使用此问卷进行有针对性的查,提高了儿科结核病检测的效率.
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