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相关概念视频

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

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Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

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The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
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TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

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The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
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相关实验视频

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A Filtration-based Method of Preparing High-quality Nuclei from Cross-linked Skeletal Muscle for Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
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pituitary 细胞受限的 T 盒子因子 Tpit 激活 POMC 转录与 Pitx 均质蛋白合作.

B Lamolet1, A M Pulichino, T Lamonerie

  • 1Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 des Pins Ouest, Montreal QC, Canada H2W 1R7.

Cell
|April 6, 2001
PubMed
概括

一个新的基因,Tpit,驱动垂体细胞分化和亲opiomelanocortin (POMC) 基因转录. TPIT基因的突变导致ACTH缺乏,证实TPIT在垂体POMC谱系发展中的关键作用.

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Efficient Generation of Pancreas/Duodenum Homeobox Protein 1+ Posterior Foregut/Pancreatic Progenitors from hPSCs in Adhesion Cultures
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Inducible and Reversible Dominant-negative DN Protein Inhibition
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科学领域:

  • 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 发育生物学 发展生物学

背景情况:

  • 垂体腺通过激素产生来调节关键的生理功能.
  • 了解控制垂体细胞分化和基因转录的分子因素至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 识别参与 pituitary 细胞分化的新型转录因子.
  • 阐明Tpit在调节亲opiomelanocortin (POMC) 基因表达和脑垂体谱系发育中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 对Tpit转录因子的识别和表征.
  • 对Tpit与Pitx1在调节POMC基因转录中的相互作用进行分析.
  • 功能获取实验,以评估TPIT在细胞分化中的作用.
  • 在患有ACTH缺乏症的患者中对TPIT基因突变的基因分析.

主要成果:

  • 一个T-box转录因子Tpit,在垂体POMC表达细胞系 (皮质营养菌和黑色营养菌) 中特别表达.
  • Tpit与Pitx1合作,通过与相邻的调节部位结合来激活POMC基因转录.
  • Tpit可以诱导POMC表达并启动未分化的垂体细胞的分化.
  • TPIT基因突变与来自 pituitary POMC 的 ACTH 的孤立缺乏有关.

结论:

  • Tpit是分化垂体POMC谱系的一个关键决定因素.
  • Tpit在调节POMC基因转录和垂体发育方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
  • Tpit功能对于正常的ACTH生产和垂体内分泌功能至关重要.