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相关概念视频

Weak Acid Solutions04:02

Weak Acid Solutions

Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
Ions as Acids and Bases02:54

Ions as Acids and Bases

Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
Lewis Acids and Bases02:33

Lewis Acids and Bases

In 1923, G. N. Lewis proposed a generalized definition of acid-base behavior in which acids and bases are identified by their ability to accept or to donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.
A coordinate covalent bond (or dative bond) occurs when one of the atoms in the bond provides both bonding electrons. For example, a coordinate covalent bond occurs when a water molecule combines with a hydrogen ion to form a hydronium ion. A coordinate covalent bond also results when...
Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases02:16

Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

In 1923, the Brønsted–Lowry definition of acids and bases was proposed by Johannes Brønsted and Thomas Lowry. According to this theory, a Brønsted acid is defined as a species that donates a proton in a chemical reaction and gets converted to its conjugate base. A Brønsted base is defined as a species that accepts a proton in a chemical reaction and gets converted into its conjugate acid. These transfers of protons are caused by the displacement of electrons in these reactions, which is...
Microbial Fuel Cells01:23

Microbial Fuel Cells

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are bioelectrochemical devices that generate electricity by exploiting the metabolic processes of electrogenic bacteria. These systems provide a renewable energy source and serve as an innovative method for treating organic waste, such as wastewater.A typical MFC consists of two chambers: an anoxic (oxygen-free) compartment that houses the bacteria and an oxic (oxygen-rich) compartment that contains oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. Many MFCs use proton...

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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

作为燃料电池电解质的固体酸.

S M Haile1, D A Boysen, C R Chisholm

  • 1Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, USA. smhaile@caltech.edu

Nature
|April 20, 2001
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

固体酸电解质,如硫酸,显示出对高温燃料电池的希望,克服了当前聚合物膜的局限性. 这些材料提供无水质子传输和在潮湿条件下稳定的性能.

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A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
09:49

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

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科学领域:

  • 电化学 电化学 电化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 能源转换 能源转换

背景情况:

  • 聚合物电解质膜燃料电池 (PEMFC) 受到潮湿的操作条件和低温 (<100°C) 操作的限制.
  • PEMFCs遭受甲醇和的透性,降低燃油效率.
  • 固体酸提供无水质子运输和高温稳定性 (高达250°C).

研究的目的:

  • 研究固体酸作为燃料电池电解质在高温下运行的可行性.
  • 为了解决固体酸在较高温度下水溶性和可塑性的局限性.
  • 为了评估硫酸 (CsHSO4) 电解质膜的电化学性能和稳定性.

主要方法:

  • 一个CsHSO4电解质膜的制造 (约. 厚度为1.5毫米).
  • 在150-160°C使用CsHSO4膜的H2/O2燃料电池的测试.
  • 在暴露于潮湿大气层后评估电解质的特性.

主要成果:

  • CsHSO4燃料电池表现出有希望的电化学性能:开放电路电压为1.11 V,电流密度为44 mA cm-2.
  • 固体酸性质不受暴露在潮湿的大气环境的影响.
  • 该电池在明显高于传统PEMFCs限制的温度下有效运行.

结论:

  • 固体酸电解质CsHSO4显示出用于高温燃料电池应用的潜力.
  • 需要进一步的研究来开发更薄的电解质的制造技术,并评估长期稳定性,包括减少硫.
  • 固体酸是克服燃料电池技术当前局限性的可行替代品.