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作为燃料电池电解质的固体酸
S M Haile1, D A Boysen, C R Chisholm
1Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, USA. smhaile@caltech.edu
Nature
|April 20, 2001
概括
固体酸电解质,如硫酸,显示出对高温燃料电池的希望,克服了当前聚合物膜的局限性. 这些材料提供无水质子传输和在潮湿条件下稳定的性能.
科学领域:
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 能源转换 能源转换
背景情况:
- 聚合物电解质膜燃料电池 (PEMFC) 受到潮湿的操作条件和低温 (<100°C) 操作的限制.
- PEMFCs遭受甲醇和的透性,降低燃油效率.
- 固体酸提供无水质子运输和高温稳定性 (高达250°C).
研究的目的:
- 研究固体酸作为燃料电池电解质在高温下运行的可行性.
- 为了解决固体酸在较高温度下水溶性和可塑性的局限性.
- 为了评估硫酸 (CsHSO4) 电解质膜的电化学性能和稳定性.
主要方法:
- 一个CsHSO4电解质膜的制造 (约. 厚度为1.5毫米).
- 在150-160°C使用CsHSO4膜的H2/O2燃料电池的测试.
- 在暴露于潮湿大气层后评估电解质的特性.
主要成果:
- CsHSO4燃料电池表现出有希望的电化学性能:开放电路电压为1.11 V,电流密度为44 mA cm-2.
- 固体酸性质不受暴露在潮湿的大气环境的影响.
- 该电池在明显高于传统PEMFCs限制的温度下有效运行.
结论:
- 固体酸电解质CsHSO4显示出用于高温燃料电池应用的潜力.
- 需要进一步的研究来开发更薄的电解质的制造技术,并评估长期稳定性,包括减少硫.
- 固体酸是克服燃料电池技术当前局限性的可行替代品.
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