在海洋生态系统中,生物多样性的一致模式和特殊效应
M C Emmerson1, M Solan, C Emes
1Culterty Field Station, University of Aberdeen, Newburgh, Ellon, AB41 6AA, Scotland. m.emmerson@abdn.ac.uk
Nature
|May 3, 2001
概括
物种灭绝影响生态系统功能,海洋沿海系统表现出可变的多样性影响. 增加物种多样性通过补充资源使用来增强生态系统功能,尽管反应可能是特异性的.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 生态系统科学 生态系统科学
背景情况:
- 了解物种灭绝对生态系统功能的影响是一个关键的研究领域.
- 以前的研究,主要是在陆地系统中,表明物种多样性对生态系统过程 (如生产力和分解) 的混合影响.
- 关于这些多样性-生态系统功能关系的普遍性存在不确定性,以及多样性本身还是物种特征驱动这些模式.
研究的目的:
- 研究物种多样性对海洋沿海系统生态系统功能的影响.
- 确定多样性的影响是否在全球和区域范围内一致.
- 探索补充资源利用在调解多样性与生态系统功能关系中的作用.
主要方法:
- 检查的物种代表海洋沿海生态系统.
- 评估全球和区域范围内的不同级别物种多样性的生态系统功能.
- 分析了补充资源使用作为生态系统功能驱动因素的证据.
主要成果:
- 在海洋沿海物种中,可变的多样性对生态系统功能产生了明显的影响.
- 提供了与物种多样性的增加相辅相成的资源使用增加的证据.
- 在自然聚集的区域社区中显示出显著的多样性效应.
结论:
- 物种多样性影响海洋沿海生态系统的功能,但影响是可变的.
- 补充性资源使用是将多样性与生态系统功能联系起来的关键机制.
- 生态系统功能对多样性的反应可能是特异性的,突出了个体物种特征的重要性.
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