自动运动和对静止物体的感知
M Wexler1, F Panerai, I Lamouret
1Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de l'Action, Collège de France, Paris. wexler@ccr.jussieu.fr
Nature
|May 9, 2001
概括
积极与被动观察产生不同的3D形状感知. 我们的研究结果显示,视觉系统对静止物体的处理与刚性物体不同,影响深度感知.
科学领域:
- 视觉感知 视觉感知 视觉感知
- 计算神经科学是一种计算神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 从视觉运动中感知三维 (3D) 形状对于理解我们的环境至关重要.
- "刚性假设"假设被动和主动观察者对3D结构的感知是相同的,这是结构从运动研究的基石.
- 这种假设认为,一个静止的观察者观察移动的物体相当于一个活动的观察者移动通过一个静止的环境.
研究的目的:
- 调查主动和被动视觉运动感知是否导致相当于3D结构感知.
- 在结构从运动研究中挑战传统的"刚性假设".
- 为了确定自动运动 (动作) 在3D深度感知中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在暴露于相同视觉运动刺激的积极和被动观察者之间比较3D结构感知.
- 分析外网膜信息 (与自我运动相关) 对主动观察者的感知的影响.
- 评估视觉系统如何区分静止 (偏心) 和仅仅是刚性的物体.
主要成果:
- 主动和被动观察者对3D结构的感知有所不同,即使视觉输入相同.
- 主动观察者对3D结构的感知是通过关于他们自己的运动的外皮信息来调节的.
- 视觉系统可以区分在绝对参考框架内静止的物体和仅仅是刚性的物体.
结论:
- 积极和被动运动感知之间的等价假设是不充分的.
- 行动,特别是自我运动信息,在深度感知中起着至关重要的作用.
- "刚性假设"需要修订,以考虑到视觉系统对静止物体的独特处理.
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