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相关概念视频

Photoluminescence: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence01:23

Photoluminescence: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence

Photoluminescence is a process where a molecule absorbs light energy and re-emits it in the form of light. This phenomenon occurs when a substance absorbs photons, promoting its electrons to higher energy level excited states, followed by a relaxation process in which the electrons return to their original ground state energy levels and emit light. Photoluminescence is widely observed in various materials, including semiconductors, and organic and inorganic compounds.
A pair of electrons in a...
Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

Photoluminescence: Applications

Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources01:13

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy01:29

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which are...
Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over short distances...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Dissection of Fear Circuits in Brain Slices
11:13

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Dissection of Fear Circuits in Brain Slices

Published on: April 6, 2016

自由电子激光器. 自由电子激光器. 状态和申请情况.

P G O'Shea1, H P Freund

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute for Plasma Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 9, 2001
PubMed
概括

自由电子激光器在磁场中使用电子束进行各种研究. 未来的发展旨在为先进的应用提供更高的功率和更短的波长.

科学领域:

  • 物理 物理学 物理
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 生物物理学的生物物理.

背景情况:

  • 自由电子激光器 (FEL) 使用电子束与周期性磁场相互作用.
  • 目前的FEL是各种科学学科的组成工具,包括材料科学,化学技术,生物物理科学,医疗应用,表面研究和固体物理学.

研究的目的:

  • 突出自由电子激光器的基本原理和当前应用.
  • 讨论FEL技术的持续进步,重点是增加平均功率和实现更短的波长.
  • 探索下一代FEL的潜在应用.

主要方法:

  • 核心机制涉及引导一个相对论电子束通过一个波动器,一个周期性磁性结构.
  • 与磁场的相互作用导致电子振荡,产生同步电子辐射.
  • 这种辐射通过与电子束的共振相互作用来放大,形成激光输出.

主要成果:

  • 自由电子激光器目前支持广泛的研究领域.
  • 开发工作的重点是提高FEL绩效指标.
  • 未来的FEL预计将为科学和工业应用提供前所未有的能力.

结论:

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Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale

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Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
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Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

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Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Dissection of Fear Circuits in Brain Slices
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Ex Vivo Optogenetic Dissection of Fear Circuits in Brain Slices

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Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale
08:17

Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale

Published on: May 25, 2016

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
08:48

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

Published on: November 22, 2019

  • 自由电子激光器是具有成熟研究实用性的多功能光源.
  • 功率和波长的进步正在扩大它们的潜力.
  • 未来的应用包括工业材料加工和下一代X射线源.