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由大麻引发心肌梗塞的触发

M A Mittleman¹, R A Lewis, M Maclure

¹Institute for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. mmittlem@caregroup.harvard.edu

|June 13, 2001

概括

吸食大麻可以引发急性心肌梗塞,在一小时内显著增加风险. 这种效应很少见,但强调了与大麻使用相关的潜在心血管风险.

科学领域:

心脏病学心脏病学
大麻研究大麻研究
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

在易患冠状动脉疾病的个体中,大麻使用率越来越高.
吸食大麻已知的血液动力学影响包括心率增加和血压波动.
关于大麻在引发心肌梗塞 (MI) 的作用的不确定性.

研究的目的:

调查大麻使用是否会导致急性心肌梗塞.
为了量化大麻消费后心脏病发作的风险.

主要方法:

案例交叉研究设计,涉及3882名急性心肌梗塞患者.
追溯采访平均在MI后4天进行.
在心脏病发作症状出现前一小时内使用大麻的比较与预期的频率.

主要成果:

3.2%的心脏病患者报告在前一年使用大麻;9人在症状出现后1小时内使用了大麻.
大麻使用者更有可能是男性,目前的吸烟者和肥胖者.
在大麻使用后60分钟内观察到心脏病发作的风险增加了4.8倍,随后迅速减少.

结论:

吸食大麻被确定为急性心肌梗塞的罕见触发因素.
对大麻诱导心脏病发作机制的进一步研究可能会阐明对其他压力因素的反应.

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