来自Arabidopsis thaliana花粉外套蛋白质基因家族的基因家族
J A Mayfield1, A Fiebig, S E Johnstone
1Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
概括
研究人员在Arabidopsis花粉涂层中确定了关键蛋白质,揭示了脂酶和油脂素的基因集群. 这种遗传组织和分歧可能会驱动植物物种化.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子进化的分子进化.
背景情况:
- 花粉细胞外基质对于植物繁殖至关重要,它含有介导物种特异性和授粉效率的蛋白质.
- 了解这些成分的遗传基础对于理解植物生殖策略和进化是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和描述Arabidopsis花粉层中的蛋白质,专注于那些>10 kilodaltons.
- 研究编码这些花粉外衣蛋白的基因的基因组组织和进化分歧,特别是脂酶和油脂蛋白.
主要方法:
- 蛋白质组分析以识别Arabidopsis花粉涂层中的蛋白质.
- 生物信息分析以定位相应的基因并检查它们的基因组集群.
- 进行比较基因组学以分析Brassica oleracea中的合成区域.
主要成果:
- 在Arabidopsis中,大多数已识别的花粉外套蛋白 (>10千多) 是由两个不同的基因组集群中的基因编码的.
- 一个群包含六个脂酶基因,而另一个群包含六个脂质结合的素基因,包括与授粉效率相关的GRP17.
- 素基因在生态型之间显示出显著的等位基因分歧,但集群结构被保留;在Brassica oleracea中观察到类似的集群和分歧模式.
结论:
- 对花粉外衣蛋白的鉴定基因集群表明,植物生殖特征具有专门的遗传架构.
- 这些基因集群中的等位基因灵活性和分歧,特别是对于油脂素,可能会导致繁殖隔离和植物物种化.
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Gene Families
Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
