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相关概念视频

Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael acceptor.
Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

Photoluminescence: Applications

Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...

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具有聚烯树突侧链的多化物:向非聚合,发光的聚合物.

S Setayesh1, A C Grimsdale, T Weil

  • 1Contribution from the Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 18, 2001
PubMed
概括

研究人员开发了一种新的蓝色发射聚合物,使用重的树突替代物来防止聚合. 这一创新使得纯蓝光的发射和高效的有机发光二极管 (OLED) 具有低工作电压.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 有机电子 有机电子

背景情况:

  • 聚烯是有机发光二极管 (OLED) 的有希望的材料,因为它们具有高效的蓝色发射.
  • 聚烯链的聚合会导致不良的长波长辐射,并降低设备的性能.
  • 控制聚合物形态对于实现纯蓝色排放和稳定的OLED至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了合成一种新型的多衍生物,抑制聚合物形成以产生纯蓝色排放.
  • 研究大型聚烯树脂替代剂对多烯聚合和排放特性的影响.
  • 为了评估在有机发光二极管 (OLED) 装置中新型聚烯的性能.

主要方法:

  • 合成一种新的聚烯 (PF) 衍生物,其中包含了重的聚烯树脂分子侧链.
  • 使用吸收和发射光谱来分析光学性质的表征.
  • 分子建模以评估树突基替代剂对聚合物骨干的构造影响.
  • 使用合成聚合物制造的有机发光二极管 (OLED) 装置的制造和测试.

主要成果:

  • 合成的多衍生物呈现出纯蓝色的辐射,这归因于由重的树脂替代物抑制长波长发射聚合物.
  • 谱学和计算分析证实,树突分子侧链不会在聚化骨干中诱导显著的扭曲.
  • 准备了带有不同9,9-二替代物的新多烯,以确定有效抑制聚合所需的最小替代物大小.
  • 一个用新型聚烯制造的有机发光二极管 (OLED) 证明了高效的蓝光发射,启动电压低于4V.

结论:

  • 大量的聚烯树脂替代剂有效地防止聚烯聚合,导致纯蓝色排放.
  • 聚烯的分子设计可以量身定制,以实现特定的光学特性,并抑制不必要的聚合物形成.
  • 开发的聚烯材料显示出在高性能,低压蓝色有机发光二极管 (OLED) 中应用的巨大潜力.