青少年和年轻成年人的侵入性脑膜炎球菌病
L H Harrison1, M A Pass, A B Mendelsohn
1Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh, 521 Parran Hall, 130 DeSoto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. lharriso@edc.gsph.pitt.edu
JAMA
|August 10, 2001
概括
脑膜炎球菌病 (MD) 发病率在20世纪90年代在15-24岁的年龄段上升,死亡率高. 大多数病例是可以通过脑膜炎球菌疫苗预防的,这凸显了它对这个年龄组的重要性.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 最近,侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病 (IMD) 在青少年和年轻成年人 (15-24岁) 中的发病率增加.
- 需要在这个特定的人口群体中描述IMD趋势和风险因素.
- 了解疾病模式对公共卫生干预措施的重要性.
研究的目的:
- 在20世纪90年代,在马里兰州的青少年和年轻成年人中对脑膜炎球菌感染的特征.
- 分析15-24岁年龄组中IMD的发病率,死亡率和血清组分布.
- 评估通过疫苗接种来预防这些感染的潜在可能性.
主要方法:
- 1990年1月1日至1999年12月31日期间在马里兰州进行的基于人口的监测研究.
- 纳入标准:马里兰州居民被诊断患有侵入性脑膜炎球菌病.
- 分析的重点是侵入性脑膜炎球菌感染的结果和特征.
主要成果:
- 侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病 (IMD) 在15-24岁的人群中的病例从每10万人中从0.9增加到2.1个,在20世纪90年代达到顶峰.
- 这一年龄组的病例死亡率比较高 (22.5%),相比较小的儿童 (4.6%).
- 15-24岁的感染更有可能是男性,血清组C,82.8%是潜在的疫苗可预防的.
结论:
- 马里兰州15-24岁人群中脑膜炎球菌感染的发病率在20世纪90年代出现了上升和随后的下降.
- 这个人口群体呈现出较高的病例死亡率,强调了IMD在年轻成年人中的严重程度.
- 在这个年龄组中,大多数IMD病例是可以通过授权的脑膜炎球菌疫苗预防的.
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