相关概念视频
01:14Erythropoiesis
Red blood cells (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
01:14Erythropoiesis
Red blood cells (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
01:22Lifecycle of Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, constantly move through blood capillaries. As a result, they damage their plasma membrane due to the continuous friction. Typically, after 100 to 120 days, erythrocytes become rigid and fragile as they wear out. As they pass through small vessels in the spleen and liver, they can get trapped and break apart into fragments.
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups.
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups.
01:27Disorders of Erythrocytes
Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
01:24Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis
The cardiovascular system regulates the number of erythrocytes in the bloodstream to ensure optimal oxygen transport. It also prevents over-proliferation of these cells, which helps to maintain blood viscosity and flow rate.
Several factors influence the erythrocyte production rate, with tissue oxygen level being among the most critical. Intense exercise or high altitudes can cause tissue hypoxia, which triggers the kidneys to release more erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream.
EPO then...
Several factors influence the erythrocyte production rate, with tissue oxygen level being among the most critical. Intense exercise or high altitudes can cause tissue hypoxia, which triggers the kidneys to release more erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream.
EPO then...
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跑步者的贫血症.
1Ross Research Bldg, Room 1025, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. cvdang@jhmi.edu
JAMA
|August 10, 2001
概括
跑步者的贫血,以耐力运动员的轻度贫血为特征,由血体积膨胀和红细胞分解引起. 识别这种情况可以防止对跑步者的疲劳进行不必要的诊断程序.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
背景情况:
- 大细胞贫血伴有疲劳,促使从营养缺陷到骨髓质综合征的差异性诊断.
- 耐力运动员可能出现贫血,需要仔细考虑常见原因之外的特定病因.
研究的目的:
- 要突出在运动员中出现疲劳和贫血的跑者贫血的认可.
- 为了区分跑步者的贫血与长距离跑步者的其他贫血原因.
- 强调早期诊断的重要性,以避免广泛的医疗工作.
主要方法:
- 临床病例审查,重点关注患者病史和出现症状.
- 对导致跑者贫血的生理机制的分析.
- 跑步者的贫血与其他对宏细胞贫血的差异诊断的比较.
主要成果:
- 跑步者的贫血与血体积膨胀和脚引起的血液溶解有关,导致血红蛋白尿.
- 胃肠道输血可能是长途跑者贫血的另一个因素.
- 轻度贫血,当一个专注的跑步者能很好地容忍它时,就应该考虑跑步者的贫血.
结论:
- 早期发现跑步者的贫血对于体验疲劳和贫血的运动员来说至关重要.
- 详细的病史是诊断跑步者的贫血和避免不必要的测试的关键.
- 在有轻度,耐受良好的贫血和相关症状的狂热跑步者中,应考虑跑步者的贫血.