中美洲艾滋病毒治疗的可用性
D A Wheeler1, E G Arathoon, M Pitts
1Infectious Diseases Physicians, 3289 Woodburn Rd, Suite 200, Annandale, VA 22003, USA. dwheel@erols.com
JAMA
|August 22, 2001
概括
中美洲面临着日益严重的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 疫情,医疗保健的获取有限. 大多数艾滋病毒感染者无法获得专业服务和抗逆转录病毒疗法,特别是在社会保障系统之外.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 中美洲正在经历一个重要的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 流行病.
- 该地区的医疗保健基础设施显著有限,影响了患者的护理.
- 中美洲各国的艾滋病毒感染率各不相同,比利兹的估计感染率最高.
研究的目的:
- 评估中美洲各地针对艾滋病毒的医疗保健服务和抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的可获得性.
- 将国家卫生部提供的医疗保健服务与社会保障系统进行比较.
- 确定该地区不同国家和不同人口在获得艾滋病毒护理方面的差异.
主要方法:
- 分析国家医疗保健政策和艾滋病毒治疗服务的可用性.
- 估计了中美洲各个国家的社会保障制度对人口的准入.
- 通过不同的医疗道评估联合抗逆转录病毒疗法 (cART) 和特定药物,如齐多夫丁的可用性.
主要成果:
- 艾滋病毒护理专业知识集中在首都,限制了更广泛的访问.
- 社会保障系统提供的服务比卫生部提供的服务更为全面.
- 综合抗逆转录病毒疗法在很大程度上无法通过卫生部获得,仅在三个国家通过社会保障系统的可用性有限.
- 在大多数国家,私人药房提供一系列抗逆转录病毒药物,但对许多人来说,获取仍然是一个障碍.
结论:
- 在哥斯达黎加以外的中美洲,大多数艾滋病毒感染者在获得基本的艾滋病毒卫生服务和抗逆转录病毒药物方面面临重大障碍.
- 迫切需要扩大获得综合性艾滋病毒护理和治疗的机会,特别是通过公共卫生系统和社会保障计划.
- 解决医疗保健基础设施和药物供应方面的差异对于管理中美洲的艾滋病毒流行病至关重要.
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