Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Water and Mineral Acquisition02:34

Water and Mineral Acquisition

Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources02:03

Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources

The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.
Solubility Equilibria: Ionic Product of Water01:16

Solubility Equilibria: Ionic Product of Water

Pure water is a weak electrolyte; only a small amount ionizes into hydrogen and hydroxide ions. At any given temperature, the concentration of undissociated water is almost constant, so the ionic product of water is the product of the hydrogen and hydroxide ion concentrations, denoted as Kw. The square root of Kw gives the individual ion concentrations.
The ionic product of water varies with temperature, and its value is 1.0 x 10−14 at standard experimental conditions. Per Le Chatelier's...
Regulation of Water Output01:26

Regulation of Water Output

The human body predominantly expels water through the urinary system. On average, an individual generates around 1.5 liters of urine each day. This amount can fluctuate based on how well a person is hydrated, but a critical minimum quantity of urine must be produced to ensure the body's proper functioning. Daily, the kidneys remove 600 to 1200 milliosmoles of dissolved substances, effectively excreting excess minerals and water-soluble toxins such as creatinine, urea, and uric acid from the...
Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate01:20

Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate

Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
When all pores in an aggregate are filled with water, the aggregate is considered saturated and surface-dry. If left in dry air, water will evaporate until the aggregate...
Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
The balance of water to cement in the mix is critical—it...

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Mineralogy of a mudstone at Yellowknife Bay, Gale crater, Mars.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2013
Same author

In situ radiometric and exposure age dating of the martian surface.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2013
Same author

Elemental geochemistry of sedimentary rocks at Yellowknife Bay, Gale crater, Mars.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2013
Same author

Volatile and organic compositions of sedimentary rocks in Yellowknife Bay, Gale crater, Mars.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2013
Same author

X-ray diffraction results from Mars Science Laboratory: mineralogy of Rocknest at Gale crater.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2013
Same author

The petrochemistry of Jake_M: a martian mugearite.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2013

相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

In Situ Characterization of Boehmite Particles in Water Using Liquid SEM
11:59

In Situ Characterization of Boehmite Particles in Water Using Liquid SEM

Published on: September 27, 2017

在玄武岩融中的水扩散.

Y Zhang1, E M Stolper

  • 1Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, USA.

Nature
|May 23, 1991
PubMed
概括

玄武岩中的水扩散速度比以前想象的要快,影响气体释放和火山过程. 这项研究揭示了对水的关键见解.

科学领域:

  • 地质化学 地质化学
  • 火山学 火山学是一门学科.
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

背景情况:

  • 水是陆地玄武岩中最丰富的挥发物.
  • 了解玄武岩融中的水扩散对于岩脱气过程至关重要.
  • 脱气过程中的挥发性分离会影响岩的演变和喷发动态.

研究的目的:

  • 在高温下测量玄武岩液中水的扩散性.
  • 研究水在玄武岩融中的物种化和扩散机制.
  • 为了比较水的扩散性与基岩融中的二氧化碳扩散性.

主要方法:

  • 福利埃变换红外光谱法 (FTIR) 用于确定水度概况.
  • 在1,300至1,500摄氏度的温度下,对玄武岩液进行了水扩散实验.
  • 使用水度依赖的扩散模型来解释实验数据.

主要成果:

  • 岩融的水分扩散率明显高 (30-50倍) 于岩融的水分.
  • 水的扩散最好通过考虑H2O和OH组之间局部平衡的分子H2O扩散来建模.
  • 玄武岩融中的水的扩散性超过了CO2的扩散性,这与之前的假设相反.
关键词:
美国宇航局的学科是外生态学.美国宇航局纪律号52-20-20美国国家航空航天局 (NASA) 计划外生态学.非NASA中心的中心.

更多相关视频

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides
08:43

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides

Published on: May 20, 2019

Dissolved Solute Sampling Across an Oxic-Anoxic Soil-Water Interface Using Microdialysis Profilers
11:43

Dissolved Solute Sampling Across an Oxic-Anoxic Soil-Water Interface Using Microdialysis Profilers

Published on: March 24, 2023

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

In Situ Characterization of Boehmite Particles in Water Using Liquid SEM
11:59

In Situ Characterization of Boehmite Particles in Water Using Liquid SEM

Published on: September 27, 2017

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides
08:43

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides

Published on: May 20, 2019

Dissolved Solute Sampling Across an Oxic-Anoxic Soil-Water Interface Using Microdialysis Profilers
11:43

Dissolved Solute Sampling Across an Oxic-Anoxic Soil-Water Interface Using Microdialysis Profilers

Published on: March 24, 2023

结论:

  • 玄武岩融中的高水扩散率会影响岩脱气过程中的挥发性分离.
  • 扩散分化可以改变火山气体和化的H2O/CO2比率.
  • 这些发现对了解火山气体排放和岩腔过程有意义.