生物多样性和生态系统功能:当前的知识和未来的挑战
M Loreau1, S Naeem, P Inchausti
1Laboratoire d'Ecologie, UMR 7625, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, F-75230 Paris Cedex 05, France. Loreau@ens.fr
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 27, 2001
概括
生物多样性丧失影响生态系统过程,但实验发现可能无法扩展到景观. 更多的物种可能会稳定生态系统对抗环境变化,强调需要研究生态系统过程和非生物因素的生物多样性动态.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生物多样性研究 生物多样性研究
背景情况:
- 在过去的十年中,大量的研究集中在生物多样性丧失的生态后果上.
- 进步包括了解物种多样性与生态系统功能之间的联系,并确定关键物种.
- 推动这些关系的潜在机制越来越被理解.
研究的目的:
- 解决关于实验生物多样性-生态系统过程发现的可扩展性到更广泛的规模 (景观,区域) 的不确定性.
- 评估这些发现在各种生态系统类型和过程中的通用性.
- 突出有关生物多样性,生态系统功能和环境因素相互作用的未来研究方向.
主要方法:
- 对生物多样性和生态系统过程的最新实验发现进行审查和综合.
- 分析当前实验方法在缩放和概括方面的局限性.
- 确定未来研究和理论发展的关键领域.
主要成果:
- 对生物多样性和生态系统过程的实验结果可能不会直接扩展到景观或区域层面.
- 不同生态系统类型和过程之间的通用性仍然不确定.
- 增加物种多样性可能会提高生态系统过程的稳定性,特别是在不断变化的环境中.
结论:
- 虽然取得了进展,但在扩大和概括生物多样性-生态系统过程关系方面仍然存在重大不确定性.
- 未来的研究必须整合生物多样性动态,生态系统过程和非生物因素,以了解复杂的生态相互作用.
- 更多的物种可能对保持面对环境变化的生态系统弹性至关重要.
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