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相关概念视频

Crossing Over01:34

Crossing Over

Unlike mitosis, meiosis aims for genetic diversity in its creation of haploid gametes. Dividing germ cells first begin this process in prophase I, where each chromosome—replicated in S phase—is now composed of two sister chromatids (identical copies) joined centrally.
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process called synapsis.
In order to...
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

Overview
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Genome Copying Errors02:46

Genome Copying Errors

DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their  survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Isolation of Precursor B-cell Subsets from Umbilical Cord Blood
14:06

Isolation of Precursor B-cell Subsets from Umbilical Cord Blood

Published on: April 16, 2013

在免疫系统中异步复制和基排除.

R Mostoslavsky1, N Singh, T Tenzen

  • 1Department of Cellular Biochemistry & Human Genetics, and Experimental Medicine & Cancer Research, PO Box 12272, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.

Nature
|November 9, 2001
PubMed
概括

成熟的B细胞发育依赖于等位基排斥来选择单个抗原受体. DNA复制时间作为表观遗传标记,有利于早期复制的等位基因进行重新排列,类似于X染色体不活化.

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • B细胞的发育需要表达单个抗原受体,因此需要异基排斥.
  • 基排斥确保在两个可用的基中选择一个受体类型.
  • 表观遗传机制,可能在基因重组之前,可能控制着等位基因选择.

研究的目的:

  • 研究DNA复制时间作为区分等位基因的机制.
  • 了解B细胞受体基因位点中等位基因排除的表观遗传基础.

主要方法:

  • 在B细胞受体 (BCR) 和T细胞受体 (TCR) 位点中分析DNA复制时间.
  • 检查免疫受体基因中的异步复制模式.

主要成果:

  • B细胞受体位点 (mu,kappa,lambda) 和TCRbeta位点表现出异步复制.
  • 这种异步复制模式是在发育早期建立并通过克隆维护的.
  • 早期复制的等位基因被首选用于初始重新排列.

结论:

  • 异步DNA复制作为基因排除的表观遗传标记.
  • 这一过程对于选择B细胞中最初重新排列的等位基因至关重要.
  • 免疫系统中的等位基排斥可能与X染色体不活化有共同之处.