一种酸盐运输体,表达在含有状细胞的土豆中
1Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Institute of Plant Sciences, Experimental Station Eschikon 33, 8315 Lindau, Switzerland.
Nature
|November 24, 2001
概括
树枝状菌根的共生,对于植物的土地殖民至关重要,涉及营养物质的交换. 研究人员在土豆中确定了StPT3酸盐转运基因,揭示了它在这种重要的植物-真菌伙伴关系中的作用.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 树枝状菌根是常见的植物根共生,对于土地殖民至关重要.
- 这种相互共生促进了营养物质的交换,植物获得,真菌获得葡萄糖.
- 支柱状菌根共生背后的分子机制在很大程度上仍然未被阐明.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定关键的基因,涉及到土豆中的状菌根共生.
- 研究酸盐输送基因StPT3.3的功能和表达模式.
主要方法:
- 酵母补充测试以确认蛋白质的功能.
- RNA局部化和记者基因表达分析以确定基因表达模式.
- 对StPT3促进区的生物信息分析.
主要成果:
- 在土豆 (Solanum tuberosum) 中发现了酸转运基因StPT3.
- 通过酵母补充,证实了StPT3蛋白的功能.
- 在形成菌根结构的土豆根区域观察到StPT3的表达.
- 在StPT3中的促销器动机表明,在共生进化中,基因重排起了作用.
结论:
- 在土豆中,StPT3基因在状菌根共生中起作用.
- 在StPT3促进体中的遗传重组可能有助于这种互惠共生的进化.
相关概念视频
Short-distance Transport of Resources
Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
ABC Transporters: Exporter
ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporter is the largest superfamily of integral membrane proteins. The transporters have transmembrane-binding domains (TMDs) and nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs). The TMDs are specific to their substrates, whereas the NBDs are similar to engines that complete ATP hydrolysis to complete the substrate transport. They can be full transporters consisting of two TMDs and NBDs, half transporters with one TMD and NBD, while some encoded with a single TMD or NBD are...
ABC Transporters: Importer
ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporters are a class of ATP-driven pumps that hydrolyze ATP to move solutes across the membrane. They can be grouped into importers and exporters. While exporters are present in all domains of life, importers exist only in bacteria and some plants.
In bacteria, based on the number of transmembrane helices and the chemical nature of their substrates, the ABC importers can be divided into three types:
In bacteria, based on the number of transmembrane helices and the chemical nature of their substrates, the ABC importers can be divided into three types:
Secondary Active Transport
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme "pump" embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
Aquaporins
Aquaporins or AQPs are a family of integral membrane proteins whose primary function is to transport water, while some called aquaglyceroporins also transport glycerol. In addition, aquaporins have also been suspected to be involved in transporting volatile substances, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia, across membranes. Such AQPs that act as gas channels are often highly expressed in cells involved in the gaseous exchange, such as red blood cells, epithelial cells, and pulmonary capillaries.
Carrier-Mediated Transport
Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...


