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相关概念视频

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
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When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...
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MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
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The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...
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Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Isolation of Primary Mouse Hepatocytes for Nascent Protein Synthesis Analysis by Non-radioactive L-azidohomoalanine Labeling Method
08:04

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Published on: October 23, 2018

通过酸介导的mTOR信号传递的米托基激活.

Y Fang1, M Vilella-Bach, R Bachmann

  • 1Department of Cell and Structural Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 South Goodwin Avenue, B107, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 1, 2001
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

酸 (PA) 对于哺乳动物的目标拉巴胺素 (mTOR) 信号传递,控制细胞生长和蛋白质合成至关重要. 这种脂质直接与mTOR相互作用,将线粒激素与细胞生长联系起来,并解释了拉帕米辛的作用.

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Intracellular Phosphoflow Cytometry of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenotransplants
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Isolation of Primary Mouse Hepatocytes for Nascent Protein Synthesis Analysis by Non-radioactive L-azidohomoalanine Labeling Method
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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 细胞信号传递 细胞信号传递
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 哺乳动物的拉巴胺素 (mTOR) 途径的标调节了基本的细胞过程,如生长,增殖和蛋白质合成.
  • mTOR集成了来自基因和营养素的信号,以控制下游的细胞活动,包括信使RNA翻译.

研究的目的:

  • 为了确定参与哺乳动物目标拉巴素 (mTOR) 信号传输的关键组件.
  • 阐明酸 (PA) 在mTOR激活和调节中的作用.
  • 为了探索米托基性刺激,PA和mTOR活动之间的机械联系.

主要方法:

  • 在哺乳动物细胞中研究了线粒体刺激.
  • 测量的细胞酸 (PA) 积累依赖于脂酶D.
  • 评估了PA与mTOR.mTOR的拉巴素结合域之间的相互作用.
  • 评估了PA对mTOR下游效应器激活的影响.

主要成果:

  • 线粒体刺激诱导了细胞酸 (PA) 的脂酶D-依赖的增加.
  • 累积的PA对于激活mTOR的下游信号通路至关重要.
  • 酸 (PA) 直接与mTOR的拉巴胺素敏感域结合,与下游激活相关.

结论:

  • 酸 (PA) 是哺乳动物对拉巴胺素 (mTOR) 信号传递的关键脂质媒介.
  • 氨酸将线性信号与mTOR激活联系起来,影响蛋白质合成和细胞生长.
  • 这些发现表明,免疫抑制剂拉巴胺素通过PA-mTOR相互作用的作用机制.