CTCF是X-非激活选择的候选转作用因子
Wendy Chao1, Khanh D Huynh, Rebecca J Spencer
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 18, 2001
概括
该研究确定CTCF是哺乳动物X无活化期间X染色体选择的关键因素. 在Tsix基因中的CTCF结合位形成一个表观遗传开关,调节哪个X染色体被沉默.
科学领域:
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 哺乳动物遗传学 哺乳动物遗传学
背景情况:
- 在雌性哺乳动物中,X失活是关键的过程,它使两个X染色体中的一个沉默.
- 这个过程由非编码的Xist基因 (不活跃的X特异性转录) 调节,并由Tsix基因对抗.
- 在Tsix内部的选择/打印中心在X染色体选择中发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定在X无活化过程中参与X染色体选择的转作用因子.
- 研究CTCF在Tsix基因的选择/印记中心中的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用增强剂阻断试验来测试CTCF结合部位的功能.
- 研究了CpG和非CpG甲基化对CTCF结合在体外的作用.
- 分析了在Tsix中删除选择/打印中心对X染色体选择的影响.
主要成果:
- 确定了CTCF,一种绝缘体和转录因子,作为X染色体选择的候选者.
- 证明选择/打印中心包含在增强剂阻断试验中功能性的双联CTCF结合点.
- 表明CTCF结合对CpG甲基化敏感,并且通过非CpG甲基化取消.
结论:
- CTCF和Tix合作建立一个X-非激活的受管制表观遗传开关.
- 在CTCF结合部位的甲基化模式可能控制X染色体的选择.
更多相关视频
12:42Quick Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization Protocol for Xist RNA Combined with Immunofluorescence of Histone Modification in X-chromosome Inactivation
Published on: November 26, 2014
08:27A Non-random Mouse Model for Pharmacological Reactivation of Mecp2 on the Inactive X Chromosome
Published on: May 22, 2019
相关概念视频
02:16Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
01:58X-Inactivation
The human X chromosome contains over ten times the number of genes as in the Y chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, and females have two, one might expect females to produce twice as many of the proteins, with undesirable results.
03:17Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
02:16Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
01:58X-inactivation
The human X chromosome contains over ten times the number of genes as in the Y chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, and females have two, one might expect females to produce twice as many of the proteins, with undesirable results.
01:30General Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...