哺乳动物外体和mRNA分离之间的功能联系
1Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Cell
|December 19, 2001
概括
哺乳动物mRNA衰变主要使用3'到5'外核酶通路. 然后,一个清除者切割活动将移除mRNA盖,揭示了一个协调的降解复合体.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因表达规范 基因表达规范
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物信使RNA (mRNA) 周转对于基因调节至关重要,但其机制尚未完全理解.
- 现有的mRNA衰变模型需要进一步阐明涉及的特定途径和酶活性.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究哺乳动物细胞中占主导地位的mRNA衰变途径.
- 识别和描述负责mRNA降解的酶性活动,包括切割.
- 探索协调的多蛋白质复合体在mRNA周转中的潜力.
主要方法:
- 利用细胞和无细胞提取系统来研究mRNA衰变动力学.
- 采用生物化学测试来识别和描述外核酶和切割活动.
- 通过共免疫沉和细胞局部化研究研究蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用.
主要成果:
- 证明3'到5'外核酶通路是哺乳动物系统mRNA衰变的主要贡献者.
- 确定了一种新型的除尘者脱皮活动,该活动在外核糖酶介导的衰变后起作用.
- 表明这种切割活动与外体蛋白有关,这表明一个更高阶的降解复合体.
结论:
- 哺乳动物mRNA降解主要由3'到5'外核酶途径驱动.
- 一个与外体相关的除尘器切割活动,在3'至5'降解后,将mRNA盖进行水解.
- 这些发现揭示了一个协调的mRNA降解复合体,负责高效的周转.
相关概念视频
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulated mRNA Transport
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Ribosome Profiling
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Regulated mRNA Transport
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability


