马在他们的步伐中使春天潮湿.
A M Wilson1, M P McGuigan, A Su
1Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts AL9 7TA, UK. awilson@rvc.ac.uk
Nature
|January 10, 2002
概括
马腿肌就像波戈棒一样,储存能量以奔. 令人惊的是,数字 flexor 肌肉不驱动主要运动,而是抑制高频振动,保护骨和肌.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 马匹的运动是马匹的运动.
- 肌肉骨适应的情况
背景情况:
- 马在肌肉肌单元中利用弹性应变能量,以减少跳跃时的肌肉工作.
- 腿的功能类似于一根波戈棒,调整到特定的步伐频率 (2.5 Hz).
- 数字肌 (短纤维,被动性质) 和长肌的独特适应性促进了这种能量储存.
研究的目的:
- 研究数字 flexor 肌肉在马的运动中的作用.
- 确定肌肉骨适应在管理四肢振动中的作用.
- 澄清肌肉纤维与肌对冲机制的贡献.
主要方法:
- 对马脚的机械布局进行分析.
- 在移动过程中检查肢体内振动频率.
- 评估数字 flexor 肌肉在调节运动周期中的功能能力.
主要成果:
- 弹性腿部结构允许高频振动 (30-40 Hz),造成疲劳损伤的风险.
- 数字曲肌肉表现出有限的能力,以影响主要的2.5赫兹冲周期.
- 这些肌肉处于最佳位置,以减轻高频振荡.
结论:
- 马的数字 flexor 肌肉在振动抑制中起着至关重要的作用,而不是主要的运动.
- 这种抑制机制可以防止肌和骨受到潜在的疲劳损伤.
- 弹性能量储存和主动减湿之间的相互作用优化了马的四肢功能在高速运动期间.
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