通过核NADH调节核心压力机功能
Qinghong Zhang1, David W Piston, Richard H Goodman
1Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
概括
碳基终端结合蛋白 (CtBP) 作为氧化还原传感器,其结合由NAD+/NADH比率调节. 这种机制影响基因转录,影响细胞过程,如发育和细胞周期调节.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 碳基终端结合蛋白 (CtBP) 是一个核心压缩剂,对转录调节至关重要.
- CtBP在发育,细胞循环控制和细胞转化中发挥作用.
- CtBP的精确调节机制,特别是它与转录抑制剂的相互作用,尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究尼古丁胺胺腺因二核酸 (NAD+和NADH) 在调节CtBP与转录抑制剂结合的作用.
- 确定核NAD+/NADH的体内水平及其与CtBP活动的相关性.
- 探索CtBP作为细胞氧化还原传感器的潜力.
主要方法:
- 使用双光子显微镜测量自由核NAD+/NADH水平.
- 评估了CtBP与细胞和病毒抑制剂的结合,以应对不同的NAD+/NADH度.
- 研究了调节NADH水平的药物对CtBP介导的抑制 in vivo的影响.
主要成果:
- 对转录抑制剂的CtBP结合是由NAD+和NADH调节的,而NADH显著更强效.
- 对半最大CtBP结合所需的核NAD+/NADH水平的测量低于之前报告的水平.
- 在体内增加NADH水平会增强CtBP结合,并增强CtBP介导的转录抑制.
结论:
- CtBP作为氧化还原传感器,利用NAD+/NADH比率来调节其与转录伙伴的相互作用.
- 这些发现揭示了CtBP的新型调节机制,将细胞氧化还原状态与转录控制联系起来.
- 这为CtBP在基本细胞过程和疾病状态中的作用提供了洞察力.
相关概念视频
Constant Pressure Calorimetry
Calorimetry is a technique used to measure the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical process or to measure the heat transferred to or from a substance. The heat is exchanged with a calibrated and insulated device called the calorimeter. Calorimetry experiments are based on the assumption that there is no heat exchange between the insulated calorimeter and the external environment. The well-insulated calorimeters prevent the transfer of heat between the calorimeter and its external...
Role of Reduced Coenzymes NADH and FADH₂
The energy released from the breakdown of the chemical bonds within nutrients can be stored either through the reduction of electron carriers or in the bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In living systems, a small class of compounds functions as mobile electron carriers, molecules that bind to and shuttle high-energy electrons between compounds in pathways. The principal electron carriers that will be considered originate from the B vitamin group and are derivatives of nucleotides; they are...
ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps
V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
Bioreactor Controls-I
Maintaining optimal conditions within fermenters is essential for maximizing microbial productivity and ensuring process efficiency. This lesson focuses on key parameters—temperature, foam, pH, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and pressure—and their precise measurement and control strategies in fermentation systems.Temperature ControlTemperature regulation is critical due to the exothermic nature of many fermentation processes. In small laboratory fermenters, temperature is commonly monitored using...
Bioreactor Controls-II
In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...
Bioreactor Controls-III
Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...


