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罗塔病毒疫苗和新闻媒体,1987-2001年

M Carolina Danovaro-Holliday¹, Allison L Wood, Charles W LeBaron

¹National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. carolina.danovaro@lshtm.ac.uk

|March 21, 2002

概括

由于安全问题,媒体对轮状病毒疫苗的报道从积极转向负面. 这强调了需要准确的信息,以防止公众对疫苗的负面看法.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学
媒体研究媒体研究

背景情况:

首个轮状病毒疫苗对于预防儿童严重腹至关重要,但由于与腹腔内的关联,在许可证颁发后不久就被撤回.
媒体的强烈关注围绕着疫苗的撤回,提出了关于媒体对公众看法的影响的问题.

研究的目的:

分析媒体对轮状病毒疫苗的报道,在肠问题出现之前和之后.
确定媒体故事的触发因素及其对公众反应的影响.
评估关于轮状病毒疫苗的媒体情绪的转变.

主要方法:

在Lexis-Nexis和VMS数据库中搜索了1987年至2001年的轮状病毒疫苗故事.
分析报纸,电报和电视报道的内容,情绪和刺激.
检查了1999年一个关键时期对国家免疫热线的呼叫.

主要成果:

媒体报道从主要积极 (提到99%的好处) 转变为很大程度上负面 (77%的负面故事) 后,内异常报告.
在撤销期间,媒体报道的数量增加了14倍,与公众调查的激增有关.
在撤销后,媒体对轮状病毒疫苗的关注显著减少.

结论:

新闻媒体对疫苗的报道可以在报道不良事件后迅速从积极转变为负面.
公共卫生倡议可以利用研究和准确的信息传播来缓解"理想化-谴责"循环.
积极的沟通策略对于保持公众对疫苗接种计划的信任至关重要.

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